X50 IiUBIACE,E. 



Damp grounds, rather common. Juno. Shrub 8 to 12 feet high, with Ion?, 

 straight, Blender branches when young, and a-h colored bark. Leaves on slender 

 petioles, roundish, 2 to 3 inches in <! : , traight-veined, and often 



with hairy tufts in the axils of the veins beneath. Flowers white, in large expand- 

 ing cymes. Fruit small, dark-blue. 



5. V. pubescens, Pursh. Downy Arrow-wood. 



Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, acute or pointed, rarely toothed, sub-plicate; cymes 

 ped uncled; fruit ovoid. 



Dry rooky places; rare. June. Shrub about 2 to 6 feet high, somewhat strag- 

 gling. Leaves 2 inches long, strongly straight-Veined, each with a pair of short, 

 hairy, sti'pular appendages at the b i e of the short petiole. The lower surface and 

 petioles velvety-downy. Cymes small, few-flowered. Flowers white. 



Leaves lobed or incised. 



6. V. acerifolium, L. Maple-havcd Arrow-wood. 



Leaves 3-lobed, cordate at the base, coarsely and unequally toothed; cymes on 

 long peduncles, many-flowered; fruit oval. 



Rocky hillsides. Juno. A shrub 4 to S feet high, with yeHowisk-grerui bark. 

 Leaves broad, bearfrfchaped, or rounded at the base; lobes acuminate, with sharp 

 Berraturea; reins and stalks hairy; under surface and young .'talks downy. 

 Flowers white, with a slight tinge of red : filaments long. Fruit nearly La?'.:. 



* * Oputus, Toura. Marginal flowers of the cymes destitute of damens and 

 rge skotoy corollas. 



7. V. lantanoides, Michx. HoWc-husli. 



Leaves round ovate, abruptly pointed, closely serrate; cymes closely sessile, 

 broad aud flat; fruit ovoid. 



Rocky woods, near streams. May. A straggling shrub -i to 8 feet high, tho 

 decumbent I art-shaped at the base, many- 



veined, the veins, veinlets, stalks and branchlets very scurfy with-rusty colored 

 tufts of minute down. Flowers whit?, the sterile ones very large. Fruit red, 

 when ripe, black. 



8. V. OPULUS, L. Cranbcrry-lrec. 



Lt a res 3-lobed, wedge-shaped cr truncate at the base, 3-nerved; lobes spreading, 

 pointed, tod hod on the sides, entire in the sinuses; petioles glandular; cymes pedan- 

 cled, radieut; fruit ovoid. 



Woods; rare. Jun". A handsome shrub 8 to 12 fe< ith spreading 



branches. Leaves with large remote teeth, the starts with 2 or more glands at tho 

 base, channelled above. Fl ufers white, ths central fertile, those of the border 

 large, barren. FruititA, very acid, resembling the common cranberry in flavor, 

 and is sometimes substituted for it. 



Vbx. 0. BOSBCM, L. Guelder Rose. . c res rather acute at base, longer 



than broad, lobes acuminate, with long jointed teeth: petioles glandular; 

 all sterile in globose cymes. This is a well known European variel 

 for its large, dense spherical clusters of snow-white How us, which arc all barren. 



Order 55. RUBIACEJE .— Madder Family. 



Shrubs or kerbs, with epposifc entire leaves connected by interposed stipules, cr 

 rarely whorled without cjy s. Calyx usually coherent with the 2 (rarely 



S to 4Vccllcd ovary, or in one group, free. Stamens as many as the lobes of tho 

 tegular corolla, and inserted on its tube. Ovahy 2-eillcd. Sttls mostly simple; 

 srriGMAS 2. Fkuit various. 



