152 RUBIACE.E. 



5. G-. pilosum, Ait. Hairy Bedsfo 



Stem ascending, somewhat simple, hairy; leaves in 4s, oval, dotted, hairy, indis- 

 tinctly 3-veincd: peduncles several times forked, each division 2 to 3-flowered, the 

 flowers all pedicelled. 



Dry woods: rare. June — Aug. Stem 1 to 2 feet high acutely 4-anghd, with a 

 few short spreading I ranches. ^Leaves % to 1 inch long, retf hairy. 



flowers jurpiish. 



6. Gr. circ-EZANS, Michx. Wild Liquorice. 



Stem smooth or downy, erect or ascending; haves in 4s, oval, mostly obtuse^ 

 S-nerved, ciliate; peduncles lateral and terminal, diverging, few-flowered. 



Yar. 1. laxceolatcm, Torr. Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, tapering to 

 the point, slightly ciliate. 



Yar. 2. montaxum, Torr. & Gr. Dwarf: leaves obovate, nearly smooth. 



Rich woods. July, Aug. Stem at out- 1 foot high, simple, or with a few snort 

 branches near the top. Leaves 1 to 2 inches long, ]/> t as wide. Peduncles v 

 once forked, the branches elongated I livergirig in fruit, and bearing 



several ovate flowers on very short lateral pedicels. Flowers pu- 

 with dense white V.ristles resembling Chcaa. The leaves and root I . 

 taste like the liquorice. 



*** * Peduncles many-flowered, in close terminal p 



7. G-. boreale, L. Northern Galium. 



Stem upright, smooth; leaves in -is, linear-lanceolate. 3-uerved, smooth ; flowers 

 in a terminal, pyramidal panicle: fruit minutely 1: 



Rocky shady places, and fence-rows. Jur.c — Ac 12 to 13 inches high, 



branched atove. Leaves lto2 inches long, ^ as wide, tapering to an obtuse point. 

 Flowers numerous, small, white, in an elongated panicle, making rather a hand- 

 some appearance. Fruit small. 



Sub-order II. CIXCHOXEJE. The Cinchona Family. 



Leaves opposite with stipules between them ; ovary coherent with the calyx-tube, or tht, 

 apc.r 



2. CEPHALAXTHUS. Linn. Button-bush. 



Gr. lephale, a head, and anthos. a flower. 



Calyx small, angular, inversely pyramidal, 4-eleft. Co- 

 rolla tubular, slender, 4-toothed. Style filiform, much 

 exserted ; stigma capitate. Fruit dry and hard, 2 to 4-celled, 

 2-seeded, mostly 2-parted. — Shrubs with opposite leaves, short 

 stipules, and white flowers densely aggregated in globose heads. 



1. C. OCCLDEXTALis, L. Button-bush. Pond Dogwood. 



Mostly smooth ; leaves opposite, or in Ss, petioled, ovate-oblong, pointed, with 

 ehort intervening stipules : peduncles long. 



Borders of ponds and streams, forming thickets : common. July. Aug. Stem 

 4 to 6 feet high, branched. Leaves spreading, entire, 3 to 5 inches long, 2 to 3 

 wide. Heads of flouers about 1 inch in diameter. Corolla white, tubular, with 

 long projecting styles. Flow e r s inserted on all sides of the round receptacle. 



3. MITCHELLA. Linn. Partridge-berry. 



In honor of Dr. John Mitchell, a botanist of Yirginia. 



Eloyver s in pairs, with their ovaries united. Calyx. 



