174 COMPOSITE. 



spreading teeth, obscurely 3-nervcd, pointed, tapering into ringed and ciliate peti* 

 oles ; upper leaves lanceolate or oblong, tapering to each end, mostly entire ; racemes 

 dense, at length elongated and recurred, forming a crowded and flat corymb-like 

 panicle; rays 8 to 12, small. 



Woods and banks ; common. Aug., Sept. Stem 2 to 4 feet high, round, sometimes 

 purple. Heads small, very numerous. Scales of the involucre closely appressed.— 

 Well distinguished by its long or drooping racemes, S. juruxa of Ait. is a variety 

 with narrow leaves and less dense panicles. 



19. S. Muhlenbergii, T. & GL Muhhnberg 's Golden-rod. 



Smooth ; stem angled ; radical leaves ovate, on margined petioles ; stem leaves ellip- 

 tical-lanceolate, very sharply and strongly serrate, pointed at both ends; racemes 

 one-sided, spreading, disposed in an elongated open panicle. 



Low grounds. Aug. — Oct. Stem 2 to 3 feet high, mostly simple, bearing a long 

 open panicle. Leaves large and thin, notched with very acute teeth, feather-veined. 

 Meads middle-sized, with 6 to 7 large spatulate-oblong rays. 



20. S. ALTissiMA, L. Tall Rough Golden-rod. 



Rough, hairy; stem erect, hisped, with rough hairs ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, ellip- 

 tical or oblong, acute or pointed, coarsely serrate, rough and wrinkled; racemes pa- 

 niculate, spreading or recurved ; rays 6 to 9. 



Borders of fields and woods ; very common. Aug., Sept. Stem- 2 to 7 feet high, 

 much branched at top. Leaves numerous on the stem and branches, variously 

 toothed or serrate. Branches widely spreading, each terminating in a recurved 

 panicle with the flowers turning upwards. A very variable species. 



21. S. ulmifolia, 3Iuhl. Elm-leaved Golden-rod. 



Stem smooth, the branches hairy ; leaves thin, elliptical-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 

 pointed, tapering to the base, coarsely serrate ; racemes panicled, recurved-spreading ; 

 involucre scales lanceolate-oblong; rays about 4. 



Low grounds ; common. Aug., Sept. Stem about 3 feet high, rarely with scat- 

 tered hairs. Moot-leaves tapering to winged petioles. Heads in racemes which are 

 often slender and usually recurved. Rays deep-yellow. Distinguished from the 

 last by its sincoth_steni and the larger leaves. 



18. CHRYSOPSIS, Nutt. Golden Aster. 



Gr. chrusos, gold, and opsis, aspect, in allusion to the golden blossoms. 



Heads many-flowered. Ray-flowers numerous, ligu- 

 late, pistillate ; those of the disk tubular, perfect. Involu- 

 cre imbricate, with linear scales destitute of herbaceous 

 tips. Receptacle flat, Achenia obovate, flattened, hairy. 

 Pappus double, the exterior short, interior copious, capilla- 

 ry. — Perennial hairy herbs, wuh alternate entire leaves, rather 

 large, often corymbose heads of golden yellow flowers ter?ninating: 

 the branches. 



1. C. Mariana, Xutt. Maryland Chrysopsis. 



Clothed with long somewhat silky hairs; leaves oblong or elliptical, veiny, nearly 

 entire, the upper closely sessile, the lower spatulate and generally obtuse ; corymb 

 nearly simple. 



Sandy soil. Aug. Stem 1 to 3 feet high, mostly simple, leafy, and with the leaves 

 clothed with scattered long, silky hairs. Heads rather few, large, 12 to 20 rayed, 

 .u a terminal somewhat umbellate corymb. Fuduncles. vucid, glandular. 





