186 COMPOSITE. 



5 to 4 small rays; outer involucre of linear scales as long as the inner ; achenia long- 

 and alonder, 4-grooved and angled, nearly smooth, 3 to 4 awned. 



Dry soil, waste places. Annual. July — Sept. Stem 2 to 4 feet high, branching, 

 smooth, 4-a tilled. L-aves 1 to 2 pinnately parted. Leaflets ovate-lanceolate, nearly 

 smooth. Head* of flowers on loug peduncles, each with Z to 4 (or none) obscure,- 

 obovate yellow rays. 



* * ii*ys conspicuous. 



6. B. cniiYSANTilEMOlDES, Michz. Large-flowered Burr- 

 Marigold. 



Smooth, erect or reclining at the base ; leaves lanceolate, tapering at both enda, .. 

 more or less connate, acute, serrate ; heads erect or nodding, conspicuously radiate ; 

 order invokicre mostly shorter than the long rays; achenia wedge-shaped, with 2 to 

 4 awns. 



Swamps and ditches: common. Annual. Aug., Sept. Alow plant, with large 

 yellow-rayed flowers. Stem 6 to 20 inches high. Leaves smooth, with few remote 

 teeth. Beads rather larger solitary at the ends of the branches, erect or somewhat 

 uoidiug; raps elliptic, S to 10, bright yellow, 1 inch long. 



do. YERBESIXA, Linn. Crownbeard. 



i; Name altered from Verbena.'' 



Heads few and many-flowered, mostly radiate; rays pis- 

 tillate. Scales of the erect involucre few, imbricated in 2 

 or more rows. Receptacle flat or somewhat convex, the 

 0HAJT concave and embracing the flowers. Achenia flat 

 (compressed laterally), usually winged at the angles, crowned 

 \rith'2 rigid awns. — American perennial plants, with the toothed*' 

 •»■ hoed leaves decurrent on the stem, and solitary or corymbose heads 

 of yeJlaiv flowers. - 



1. V. SlEGESBECKf A, Michx. Siegesbcclc s Croicnbeard. 



Styni smooth, 4-winged; leaves opposite, ovate, 3-nerved, serrate, pointed at both 

 MKtaj smooth or pubescent underneath; lieo/is in compound corymbs; involucre 

 scales obtuse, few; achenia wingless. 



Kieta soil. An»., Sept. Stem 4 to 6 feet high, erect, with 4 leafy wings. Leaves 

 i-to 8 inch >s wide, thin, tapering to a winged petiole. Heads in corymbs, yellow. 

 Bays 1 to 5 lanceolate, 3 toothed, % inch long. 



2. V." VlP.GlNlCA, Virginian Crownbeard. 



Stem narrowly winged, downy pubescent above ; leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, 

 fMther-veir.ed, serrate, acute at each end, the lower decurrent ; Jicads in compound 

 corymb?, crowded; rays 3 to 4 oval : ach enia narrowly wingeJ. 



Drr woods. Aug., Sept. Stem 3 to 6 feet high. Heads about 20-flowered, in . 

 crowded eorymbs. Bays very short, the tube (and involucre) pubescent, pale yel- 

 afr, oval, scarcely x /* inch long. 



Section 2.— Pappus compos*! of several distinct chiffy scales. 



o'). HELENIUM, Linn. False Sunflower. 



:, the wife of Menolaus. 



Heads manv-flowere.l ; radiate j the ray-flowers in asm-* 



