COMPOSITE 187 



gle series, pistillate, ligulate or rarely tubular, 3 to 5 cleft, 

 disk-flowers perfect, tubular,very short 4 to 5 toothed. In- 

 volucre small, reflexed, the scales linear or awl-shaped. 

 Receptacle globose or oblong, naked. Achenia top-sha- 

 ped, ribbed. Pappus of 5 to 8 thin and 1-nerved chaffy 

 scales, each extended into a bristle or point. — Erect branch- 

 ing herbs, with alternate leaves decurrent on the angled stern 

 and branches, which are terminated by. single or corymbed 

 lieads of yellow flowers. 



II. autumnale, L. S eeze-weed. 



Nearly smooth; stem erect, branched; leaves lanceolate, toothed, acute, decur- 

 rent ; disk globose ; rays 3 to 5 cleft, spreading or reflexed- 



Alluvial soils, low grounds. Per. Aug. — Oct. Stem 2 to 3 feet high, winged by 

 the decurrent leaves. Leaves narrowed at the b>ase, the upper nearly entire. 

 J/eack showy middle-sized, in a terminal corymb; rays yellow, wedge-shaped ; disk 

 gcceuish-yellow. Whole plant intensely bitter. 



Seotioh 3. Pappus none, or a very short crown. Reads radiate or discoid, 

 Leaves alternate. 



37." MARUTA, Cass. Mat-weed. 



Heads many-flowered; ray-flowers, ligulate, neutral; 

 disk-flowers perfect. Involucre somewhat imbricated . 

 shorter than the disk. Receptacle conical, more ; or less chaf- 

 fy. Achenia obovoid, ribbed, smooth. Pappus none. — An- 

 nual acrid herbs, with a strong odor, finely- thrice pinnately divi- 

 ded leaves, and single heads with white rays and yellow disk termU 

 nating the branches. 



M.' cotula, DC. Common May-weed. 



Smoothish; leaves 2 or 3 times pinnatifid, the segments subulate-linear scales of 

 the involucre with whitish margins ; receptacle conic. 



Roadsides, common. - Annual. June — Oct. Stem a foot high, erect, branched, i 

 Leaves pale green, more or less pilose; segments very narrow. Hzads on elongated 

 Blender peduncles; rays about 12, white; disk convex, yellow. Receptacle chaffy 

 only among the upper flowers. An exotic, every where' naturalized. 



38. ANTHEMlS, Linn. Chamomile. 



Gr. Anthemis, the ancient name, given in allusion to the profusion of the flower?, 



Heads many-flowered ; ray-flowers in one series ligulate, 

 pistillate; disk-flowers tubular-perfect. Involucre scales 

 imbricate in a few series. Receptacle convex oblong or ' 

 conic. Achenia terete, striate or smooth. Pappus none 

 or a minute crown. — Annual or perennialherbs, with aromatic 

 or strong odor, 1 to 2 pinnately divided leaves, and the branches t£** 

 vunated by single heads, with white rays, and yellow disk. 



