222 AQUIFOLIACEiE. 



1. ILEX, Linn. Holly. 



Calyx 4 to 5-toothed, persistent. Corolla subrotate. 4 

 to 5-parted. Stamens 4 to 5. Stigmas 4 to 5, subsessiie- 

 imited or distinct, Berry 4 to 5-seeded. — Shrubs or tree, 

 with alternate spinose dentate leaves, and whitish, mostly perfect 

 flouierc. 



Sec. 1. Aquifoliuti. Tourn. Leaves evergreen, spiny-tootfieri.. 



1. I. opaca, Ait. American Holly. 



Leaves oval, flat, acute, smooth, margins wavy, armed with scattered spin;,. I 

 flowers in loose clusters along the base of tho young branches and from the axil.- . 

 cxtyx-tcoik acute. 



Moist woodlands, rare. June. An evergreen tree 10 to 15 feot high. Leaves 

 tough and shining, with rigid spines. Flowers small, white, in scattered elu 

 the fertile ones succeeded by red berries which remain until late in autumn. The 

 wood is fine grained and compact, and is employed by cabinet makers and turners. 



Szc. 2. PnixoiDES. — Leaves membranaceous, deciduous. 



2. I. MONTANA, Torr. & Or, Mountain HoVy. 



Leaves oblong-ovate or oval-"anc:olate, pointed, sharply serrate, smooth, closj I 

 proximated on the ends of the branches: fertile flowers on very short peduncles ; 

 -teeth obtuse. 



Dam-) wool's, along the Alleghanies. June. Shrub or small tree 6 to 20 fee* 

 high, straggling. Leaves 3 to 5 inches long, very thin. Fertile flowers perf 

 short stalks. Stenle flowers, if any, unknown. Nutlets strongly striate-ribbed on 

 the back. 



%. PRINOS, Linn. Winterberry. 



The Greek name of the Holly. 



Flowers mostly dioecious or polygamous. Calyx mi- 

 nute, 4 to 6-toothed. Corolla somewhat rotate, usually 

 6-parted. Stamens mostly 6. Ovary superior, 4 to 6- 

 celled. Fruit a drupe, with 6 smooth nutlets. — Shrubs 

 with alternate leaves, and inconspicuous Jlowers. 

 * Leaves deciduous; fruit bright red. 



1. P. VERTICELLATUS, L.- Black Aider, Winterberry 



Leaves oval, obovate, or wedgedanceolate, pointed, acute at the baso, sharply 

 serrate, downy on the veins beneath; sterile flovjers axillary, subumbellate: fertile 

 flowers somewhat clustered or solitary ; berry 6-celled, 6-seeded. 



Swamps, common. June, July. Shrub 3 to 10 feet high, very variable in 

 foliage, often rugose veiny. Flowers numerous, small, white. Fmit globose, 

 bright scarlet, crowded so as to appear in whorls on the branches, and remaining . 

 until late in autumn. 



2. P. LjEVIGATUS, Pursh. Smooth Winterberry. 



Leaves lanceolate, pointed at both ends, minutely serrate with appressed hairs, 

 shining above, minutely pubescent on the veins beneath; sterile flowers 2 to 5 in 

 acluster, or single on slender peduncles; the fertih mostly single, and on short 

 peduncles. 



Syainps, along cold stream* anil mountains. Juno. Shrub 4 to 8 feet high. 



