O 12 ULMACE.E. 



membranaceous samara winged all around.— ^Trees, rarely 

 shrubs, with rough leaves, and (often po r ygamous) purplish 

 or yellowish flower* in lateral clusters, preceding the short-pe- 

 tioled leaves. 



1 . U. AMERICANA, L. American or White Elm. 



oth nbove, duwny underneath, obiong-ovate, pointed, sharply doubly 

 fern.to; floxerz in uaabji-iik.3 clusters, on conspicuous pedicels; fruit oval, with 

 woolly-fringed margins. 



M ist woods and river bank?, common. April. A large tree, 30 to 70 feet high, 

 with long spreading pendulous branch 5 ler pendulous branchleis. /- 



4 to 5 inches long, . . be. F toers small, purplish. Htume.-is about 8. 



' 2. U. fulva, Michx. Slippery Elm. Red Elm. 



Leavtp very rough on the u;p r Bide, roaghish do way underneath, ovate oblong 

 doubly serrate; buis rusty-wooll; aes&ile in dense eln 



..iked. 



Is, in rich, dry or moist soil, nmonn. April. A ra'ddle ' tree, 



20 to i.> t-2-i high, and 9 t.> -J iu.h js in diameter, -.v i t b. straggling branches aai 

 rather tough rv.-d.hsh wood, remarkable for the tough mu.:;iA c iujU3 inner bark. 



.hill. 



2. CELTIS, Tourn. Nettle-tree. 



An r.nchct ir ek nam3 for tlu Lotus, which ttus tree is s.iil to resemble. 



Flowers polygamous. Perianth 5 to 6 parted, persis- 

 Stamens D to 6. Ovart 1-celled, with a single sus- 

 pended ovule : stigmas 2. long and pointed, recurved. Fruit 

 u globular drupe, with thin Hesh. — Trees or large shrubs, 

 u-v/i pointed, petioled leaves, an ; Jljwcrs, 



solitary or in pairs, appearing with the leaves. 



1. C OCCIDENTAUS, L. Stjar-berry. II iclz -berry. 

 Lea fin ■!}- acuminate., uucqus.1 and 



often heart shape! at the '. , . subs.-ihary. 



I ) and rive] A tree JJ to 60 :'. h the aspe.-t of a-. 



L'.in. Leaves 2 too lashes long, \ 1°»'M 



Fruit doll-parple or yellowish hrown, 



..nd edible. 



2. C. ciiASSiFOLTA, Lam. Hackberry. 



Leaves lance-ovate, acuminate, s'irrate, un^qui!:/ heart shaped at base, rough 

 cni b b .-ides; p..d i 2-fiewered. 



. Is. May. A small tree, 30 to 40 feet high, with a straight slender 

 trunk, ui-.d.videdto a considerable height, covered with an unbroken bark. Leant 

 ti to B* inches long, thick and firm. Flowers small, white, sur^e.iea by a r^uad, 

 .. Irupe ab^ui the size of the Whor t leberry. 



3. C. pumila, Pursh. Dwarf Httckberry. 



Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate, equally serrate, unequ\l at the haae, smooth 

 on loth sides, the younger only pubescent; p>.!un-:Us mostly 3-Mow..red; /rati 

 Bolitary. 



River banks, fi'on? the Susquehanna. A dwarf very struggling shrub, 3 to 10 

 f«et high. Leaves sometimes heart shaped, nearly as broad as loog, with a very 

 fchyrt acumiLation. Ltrrits brewn cr nearly black. 



