CUPULIFERiE. 325 



roundish-ovoid, obtuse, surrouudcd by the enlarged coriace. 

 ous and lacerately toothed involucre. — Shrubs, with round, 

 ish unequally serrate leaves, the yellowish sterile and red fertile. flow m 

 ers appear itig in early spring in advance of the leaves. 



1. C. Americana, Walt. Wild Ilazle-nut. 



Leaves roundish-heart-shaped, acuminate, coarsely serrate; involucre roundish . 

 lull-shaped, glandular, with a spreading flattened border about twice the length 

 of the flattened nut. 



Thickets and fencerows, common. A shrub 5 to 8 feet high, with the young 

 twigB, Ac, downy and glandular hairy. Leaves 3 to 6 inches long and % as wide. 

 Barren Jlowers in long pendulous aments flowering in April. Nut fine-flavor**! 

 smaller than the European hazel or filbert. 



2. C. rostrata, Ait. Beaked Hazle-nut. 



leaves oblong-ovate, somewhat heart-shaped, acuminate, doubly serrate; involu- 

 < e bell-shaped-tubular, prolonged above the globular-ovoid nut into a narrow tu- 

 bular beak, densely clothed with bristles. 



Banks of streams and along mountain ravines. May. A shrub 2 to 5 feet high 

 with slender smooth branches. Involucre 1 to \)/ 2 incb long, contracted at the top 

 •into a long narrow neck, like a bottle, covered with short stiff hairs. 



5. CAUPINUS, Linn. Hornbeam. Iron-wood. 



The ancient Latin name. 



Monoecious. Sterile flowers in drooping cylindrical 

 aments, consisting of from 8 to 14 stamens in the axil of a 

 simple entire scale-like bract, destitute of a proper calyx : fil- 

 aments very short. Fertile elowers several, spiked in 

 an oblong loosely imbricated terminal ament, with small de- 

 ciduous bracts, each with a pair of flowers consisting of a 2- 

 celled 2-ovuled ovary terminated by 2 thread-like stigmas. 

 Nut small, ovoid, ribbed, acute, each with a simple, 1-seed- 

 ed, enlarged, open and leaf-like involucre.— Trees with a 

 smooth gray baric, with alternate midivided straight-veined leaves 

 appearing later than the jlowers. 



C. Americana, Midhx. American Hornleam. 



Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, sharply doubly serrate, nearly smooth; iniolur 

 ere 3-lobed, somewhat halbert-shaped, somewhat cut-toothed on one side. 



Woods along streams, common. April, May. A small tree 12 to 20 feet'high 

 with an irregular rigid trunk, and very hard wood, covered with a light ash-color- 

 ed or gray bark. Leaves 2 to 4 inches long, l / 2 as wide, petiolato. Scales of th« 

 fertile anunt o-parted, the middle eegmentmuch the largest, oblique with a later- 

 al tooth. 



6. OSTRYA, Micheli. Hop Hornbeam. 



Gr. oslreon, a shell ; in allusion to the fruit. 



Monoecious. Sterile flowers in cylindrical aments, 

 with orbicular, acuminate, ciliate scales. Stamens 8 to 10, 

 with somewhat irregularly united filaments. Fertile elow- 

 M2 



