396 CYPERACK.S. 



mostly triangular culms leafy at the base, 1 to several leaves at the 

 summit forming an involucre to the umbel, and unequal peduncle* 

 sheathed at the base. 

 Sec I. Ttcreus, Beauv. — Style 2-cleft: achenium flattened. 



1. C. FLAVESCENS, L. Yellow Sedge. 



Stamens 3 ; spike linear, rather obtuse, 14 to 30-flowered, clustered at the end of 

 the 2 to 4 very short rajs; scales obtuse, 1-nerved ; achenium shining, orbicular. 



Low grounds, rare- Aug. Culms 4 to 10 inches high, Leaves narrow," as long 

 as the culm. Spikelets, 5 to 8 inches long, yellowish. Involucre 3-leaved, very 

 unequal. 



2. C. diandrus, Torr. Dtandrous Gallngale. 



- Stamens 2 ; spikes lance-oblong, rather acute, 14 to 2 1-flowered, scattered or clus- 

 tered on the 2 to 5 very short or unequal rays ; scales oblong, rather obtuse, brown- 

 margined; achenium oblong-ovate. 



Low grounds. Aug., Sept. Culms 6 to 12 inches high, o ten weak and somewhat 

 decumbent, clustered. Stamens sometimes 3 iu the upper axils. Yar. castaneus, 

 Torr., has oblong-lanceolate, shining close chestnut-brown scales, and scarcely ex- 

 eerted style. 



3. C. Cleaverti, Torr. Delicate Gallngale. 



SVimen 1; culm bristle-form, terminated by a single and similar erect involucral 

 leaf and a solitary lance-linear 10 to 12-flowered spike ; scales linear-oblong, rather 

 acute, 3-nerved; achenium oblong-obovate. 



Near Philadelphia, Dr. Cleaver. Culm 4 to 6 inches high, triangular. Spike % 

 inch long much compressed. 



Sec. n. €i'P£RU8 proper- — Style 3-cleft. Spikes many-flowered. Achenium tri- 

 angular. 



* Stamen 1 : umbel contracted or sessile. 



4. C. inflexus, Muhl. Odorous Gallngale. 



Dwarf, in tufts; spikes oblong-linear, about 8-flowered, collected in 2 or 3 ovate 

 heads; scales oblong, tapering into a long recurved point; involucre 3-leaved, very 

 long. 



Sandy shores. Aug. Ann. Culms 2 1 to 5 inches high, densely clustered. Leaves 

 linear, as long as the culm. Umbel often sessile. Spikelets yellowish. Plant 

 sweet-scented like Merilot in drying. 



** Stamens 3; culm triangular. 



5. C. strigosuSj L. Tall Gallngale. 



Culm mostly stout, tuberous at the base ; umbel simple or compound, many- 

 rayed; rays numerous, elongated ;~ spikes linear-lanceolate, flat, 8 to 10-flowcred, 

 very numerous; scales oblong-lanceolate, strongly nerved, acutish. 



Low and cultivated grounds, very common. Aug., Sept. Culm 1 to 3 feet high. 

 Spikes 1 to 2 inches long, consisting of 20 to 80 spikelets. Scales loosely imbricate, 

 yellowish on the sides. 



6. C. dentatus, Torr. Toothed Gallngale. 



Culm slender; umbel 4 to 7-rayed, compound; spikes 3 to 6 on each partial ray, 

 clustered, oblong or ovate. lanceolate, flat, 6 to 30-flowered ; scales strongly keeled, 

 with very acute tips; joints of the axis naked; achenium obovate, minute. 



Sandy swamps. Aug. Jihizoma creeping. Culm 6 to 12 inches high. Leaves 

 somewhat rigid, pale yellowish-green. Scales reddish brown on the sides, green on 

 the back. 



