'JHALLOI'IIYTLS. 



447 



Vi'_' 5. Frnit-stalk with a portion of the foliage of Jungermannia, magnified to • 

 fhcw its entire cellular structure : a. one of tl.e tuhular spirally-marked cells from' 

 il)>- fruit; b. tin- ppiral threads which result from its disruption. 



Y\'Z ('. (/. a Ptone upon which n Lichen (Pertttpllia consper?a) is crowing: b, 

 ("i:n'oni;i coeciunea, bearing its fitcci ieation in rounded red masses on the edges of" 



11 ".-lis. (J cup. 



140. TLc Oidor Lichenes (Lichens, Fig. 6,) form the 

 highest grade of this lowest series. They consist of flat ex- 

 ; ; i >i( i s, which are ratbei crustacecns than foliaceous, grow- 

 ing (ii the 1 ark of trees, tti the Surface of rocks, and on the 

 « r< v.i d, to v. liidi tlicj cling ly their lower surface. The 

 fiuctiCcaticD is in cups, or shields, (aiotiiegia) resting on 

 the sin face of the thai his, or more or less immersed in its- 

 euhbtancc, or else in powdery spots scattered over the surface. 



__ Fig. 7. Agnriciis of mpcetreps. Fdille Mushrrom in it.* raTiru? stfifr'F : a. Afcu 

 Aisi ll e interior ef Sjlaria rr sella, containing?], rues hithlv maguifed. Fir. P. 

 "ild (l'n.r.icilluni gluucuin); b. Lnad-mculd (Muter 1. 1 oth ln^hh magtiifitct. 



A X< 



141. r Jhe Order 1 visa, (Mushrooms, Moulds, &c, Fir. 

 8,) cci.sists of jarasitic fewerks-s J lants, either livii g 



8>j iUv-jJt 



vj.en :.Ld ui.w:ig their LcuuLiLint fitna 1 



nn jr, 



