302 OHIO BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 



bearing at the ends. Lemma awnless or rarely short-awned on the 

 back, palet very small or obsolete. 



In dry or moist sandy or stony soil. June-Aug. Rather gen- 

 eral, but no specimens from the northwestern nor southeastern 

 counties. 



38. Apera Adans. Windlestraw. 



Annual grasses with flat narrow leaves and diffuse panicles. 

 Spikelets 1-flowered, small, the rachilla prolonged beyond the flower 

 into a bristle ; empty glumes subequal, thin, keeled, acute ; lemma 

 membranous bearing a slender awn just below the 2-toothed apex; 

 palet nearly as long as the lemma, 2-keeled, 2-toothed ; grain nar- 

 row, free. 



1. Apera spica-venti (L.) Beauv. Silky Windlestraw. A grass 

 with tufted slender erect simple stems, 1-2 ft. high, and an open 

 panicle with verticillate capillary ascending branches, spikelet-bear- 

 ing near the ends. Spikelets shining; lemma scabrous, bearing a 

 dorsal awn. 



In waste places. June, July. From Europe. Lake County. 



39. Cinna L. Wood Reed-grass. 



Tall perennial grasses with flat leaf-blades, conspicuous hyaline 

 ligules, and many-flowered nodding panicles. Spikelets 1-flowered, 

 the rachilla articulated below the empty glumes and prolonged be- 

 hind the palet into a minute bristle ; empty glumes narrow, keeled, 

 acute ; lemma 3-5-nerved, short-awned from between the 2 minute 

 teeth of the apex; palet 1- or 2-nerved, the nerves close together; 

 stamen 1 ; grain narrow, free, enclosed in the flowering glumes. 



1. Cinna arundinacea L. Wood Reed-grass. A tall grass with 

 erect, simple, often solitary stems, 2-5 ft. high, rather broad leaf 

 blades and a contracted panicle with slender ascending branches. 

 Lemma scabrous, usually bearing a minute awn from the 2-toothed 

 apex. 



In moist woods and shaded swamps. Aug., Sept. General. 



40. Ammophila Host. Beach-grass. 



Coarse perennial grasses with long, creeping rhizomes, flat leaf- 

 blades, which are deeply grooved above and convolute on drying, 

 and with dense spike-like panicles. Spikelets 1-flowered, the rachilla 

 prolonged beyond the flower and hairy ; empty glumes firm, com- 

 pressed-keeled, acute, the outer 1-nerved, the inner 3-nerved ; lemma 

 5-nerved, with short hairs at the base, 2-toothed and mucronate be- 



