304 OHIO BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 



stems, ^2-1^2 ft. long, and with dense, oblong-ovoid, spike-like 

 panicles. 



In waste places. July, Aug. Greene County. From Europe. 



43. Phleum L. Timothy. 



Erect simple-stemmed perennials with flat leaves and dense, 

 spike-like panicles. Spikelets 1-flowered, flattened; empty glumes 

 membranous, compressed, keeled, abruptly awn-pointed ; lemma 

 broad, truncate, hyaline, 5-nerved ; palet narrow, hyaline ; grain 

 ovoid, free, enclosed in the flowering glumes. 



1. Phleum pratense L. Timothy. A glabrous grass with sim- 

 ple, hollow, erect stems, 1-5 ft. high, from a swollen base, and with 

 a long-cylindrical, compact, spike-like panicle. Empty glumes short- 

 awned, ciliate on the keel ; lemma 5-nerved, truncate, hyaline. A 

 very important grass extensively cultivated for hay. 



In fields and meadows. Also called herd-grass. June-Aug. Gen- 

 eral. From Europe. 



44. Muhlenbergia Schreb. Muhlenbergia. 



Mostly perennial grasses with flat or involute leaves and small 

 spikelets usually in contracted panicles, and usually with scaly rhi- 

 zomes. Spikelets 1-flowered, usually with a short barbate callus 

 below the flower ; empty glumes membranous or hyaline, acute, 

 sometimes awned ; lemma narrow, 3-nerved, awned or awnless ; palet 

 thin, 2-keeled ; grain narrow, free, tightly enclosed in the flower- 

 ing glumes. 



1. Lemma not awned, but the empty glumes may be short awned. 2 



1. Lemma long-awned. awn mostly twice as long as the body of the lemma. 4 



2. Empty glumes not awned, broadly ovate, acute, about half as long as the 

 lemma. M. sobolifera. 



2. Empty glumes long acuminate or short awned, as long or longer than 

 the lemma. 3 



3. Empty glumes about equal in length to the lemma, long pointed. M. mexicana. 



3. Empty glumes much longer than the lemma, usually about twice as long, 

 short-awned ; panicle usually dense. M. racemosa. 



4. Empty glumes at least Vi as long as the lemma. 5 



4. Empty glumes not more than l /\ the length of the lemma, the outer one 

 often wanting. M. schreb eri. 



5. Empty glumes lanceolate, about equaling the lemma. M. umbrosa. 

 5. Empty glumes broadly ovate, Yi-Yz as long as the lemma. M. tenuiflora. 



1. Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl.) Trin. Rock Muhlenbergia. 

 A glabrous grass with erect or ascending, sparingly branched stems, 

 2-3 ft. high, with numerous conspicuous rhizomes covered with 

 short, appressed scales, and with very slender, usually loose-flowered 

 panicles. Lemma acute, scabrous, 3-nerved. 



In rocky woods. Sept., Oct. Highland, Wayne. 



