552 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON NEW LICHENICOLOUS MICRO-FUNGI. 



are so different from those of the sporidia of the Abroth alius (as figured in my 

 " Monograph," pi. iv.) that it is more probably referable to some Sphc&ria or 

 fungus — not necessarily immediately associated with the Abrotkallus, for in the 

 course of microscopic studies on lichens, I have frequently met with alien spori- 

 dia — sporidia belonging to other and topographically distant lichens or fungi. 

 Thus, in a specimen of var. Welwitzsckii in Leighton's Exsic. No. 191, 1 found 

 a number of dark-brown figure-8-shaped sporidia on and among the thalline 

 rhizinse of Parmelia saxatilis. They had not the usual soleaform character of 

 the sporidia of A. Smithii and its varieties ; nevertheless they probably belonged, 

 in this case, to the parasitic Abrotkallus. 



(d) Var. Welwitzschii (Leighton's Exsic. No. 191). A specimen of the 

 deformed thallus of P. saxatilis, without apothecia of the Abrotkallus, bears 

 bodies externally similar — like some degenerate forms of the apothecia of A . 

 Smithii. Their envelope is of hexagonal cellular tissue, containing bodies like some 

 forms of gonidia in process of segmentation — large spherical cells with delicate 

 hyaline wall, enclosing centrally four bluish corpuscles, evidently resulting from 

 segmentation into four of a central spherical nucleus. 



(e) A specimen of A. Smithii (from Glen Dee, Braemar ; on boulders, August 

 1856, W. L. L.), bears a Sphserioid parasite on its apothecia. In another specimen 

 of the same Abrotkallus, from Glenbeg, between Spittal of Glenshee and Braemar 

 (on a roadside wall), August 1856, a similar parasite, occurring on the thallus of P. 

 saxatilis, resembles externally the apothecia of the Abrotkallus, and is apt to be 

 confounded therewith. It contains a mass of minute globular brown spores, 

 intermixed with a few partially disintegrated sporidia of the Abrotkallus. 



(/) Associated with A. oxysporus, Tul., and with the pycnidia of A. Smithii 

 (on an old wall, top of Craig-y-Barns, Dunkeld, June 1856, W. L. L.), on thallus 

 of P. saxatilis. Parasite punctiform, black, containing masses of hyaline Toruloid 

 spore-filaments, with myriads of very minute, also colourless, globular cells, 

 generally aggregated in irregular masses; associated with a few sporidia, partially 

 degenerate, both of A. oxysporus and A. Smithii. 



Those parasitic fungi, accompanying^ brotkallus Smithii, that are Verrucarioid 

 externally, are apt to be confounded not only with the pycnidia of the Abro- 

 tkallus, but with young states of the apothecia of both A. Smithii and A. 

 oxysporus. 



27. In my copy of Schjsrer's Exsic. No 503, Calicium disseminatum, Fr.. 

 patella? for me, Sch., has not the sporidia of the Calicium, which are, according to 

 Nylander (Syn. 146), blackish, oblong, and sometimes subspherical ; but ellip- 

 soid, colourless ones, -00033'' long, 00013" broad, contained in asci -00133'' long, 

 00033'' broad. There are no distinct paraphyses, and the plant may be regarded 

 as either Verrucaria or Microthelia — lichen or fungus. 



