STRANDED AT LONGNIDDRY. 



251 



Plate VIII. 



Figure 29. Vertical section through the integument. It shows the elongated papillae, the comparatively 

 thin cuticle containing a quantity of black pigment, and the subcutaneous tissue, -with the 

 small arteries entering the bases of the papillae. x 20 diam. 



Figure 30. Dorsal surface of the pharynx and commencement of the oesophagus of the foetus ; p h, the 

 pharynx displaying the fibres of the constrictors and the longitudinal raphe. The upper 

 part of the pharynx has been cut across, and the soft palate v is displayed ; passing under 

 it is an arrow lying in the bucco-pharyngeal canal. Immediately behind the velum a por- 

 tion of the epiglottis is visible. 



Figure 31. The interior of the cavity of the pharynx of the foetus opened into by a posterior median 

 incision ; v, the velum ; e, the epiglottis, the letter is placed on the cushion, which corre- 

 sponds in position to the bar-like rod of fibro-cartilage ; I, the lappet-like fold of mucous 

 membrane which invests the superior horn of the arytenoid cartilage, the outline of which 

 may be seen in the figure. The upper arrow is in the bucco-pharyngeal canal, the lower 

 is in the windpipe. 



Figure 32. Portion of the intestinal tube, v, the superior mesenteric vein which receives numerous 

 rootlets from the gut ; m, the moniliform tube, giving off numerous small arteries to the 

 wall of the intestine ; n, the sympathetic nerve, also sending branches to the gut ; p, the 

 peritoneal coat turned down. At the right cut edge of the intestine the valvules conni- 

 ventes of the mucous coat are shown. 



Figure 33. A portion of the beaded mesenteric vessel, displaying the series of dilatations and constric- 

 tions. At the right side the tube has been opened, and the corrugated folds of the inner 

 wall may be seen. 



Figure 34. One of the dilated portions of the beaded vessel. The lacunary system on its surface is 

 represented. The darkly shaded, elongated, and globular bodies, I I, are the small lym- 

 phatic glands. 



Figure 35. Annular and spirally arranged plate of cartilage from a bronchial tube. 



Figure 36. Front view of the larynx and hyoid apparatus ; h, the body of the hyoid with the stylo- 

 hyal and great cornu on each side. Immediately above the hyoid body is the orifice of 

 the bucco-pharyngeal canal, the arrow lying in which has emerged below through the 

 oesophagus ; th, the thyro-hyoid muscle ; sh, the stylo-hyoid muscle ; t, the thyroid 

 cartilage ; c, the cricoid ; cm, the constrictor muscle of p, the laryngeal pouch. The bifur- 

 cation of the trachea and the supplementary right bronchus are seen, and the arrow 

 passed through the left bronchus emerges superiorly, immediately behind the posterior 

 horn of the left arytenoid cartilage. 



Figure 37. Front view of the larynx and trachea ; the laryngeal pouch has been removed and the cartilages 

 dissected, t, the thyroid cartilage ; c, the cricoid with its plate-like processes ; a, the body ; 

 s, the anterior, and i, the posterior cornu of the arytenoid cartilage ; ct, the inferior crico- 

 thyroid membrane. The barb of the arrow passed through the left bronchus, lies im- 

 mediately behind the posterior horn of the left arytenoid cartilage, and in front of the body 

 of the cricoid, which is in deep shadow. 



Figure 38. View of the interior of the larynx from behind, obtained by cutting through and turning 

 outwards the body of the cricoid, and the membrane connecting the anterior horns of the 

 two arytenoid cartilages ; e, the epiglottis ; c, the cricoid ; I, the lappet of mucous mem- 

 brane enclosing s, the anterior horn of the arytenoid ; i, the posterior horn. To the inner 

 side of the anterior horn is the fold of mucous membrane, which may represent a false vocal 

 cord. 

 Figure 39. The posterior nares viewed from below. 

 Figure 40. The anterior nares or blow-holes viewed from above ; the walls are separated to show the 



internal foldings. 

 Fig\ires 35 to 40 inclusive are from the foetus. 



