570 DR THOMAS R. FRASER ON THE ANTAGONISM BETWEEN 



the pupils measured i^ths x ^ths of an inch. In forty-eight minutes, the con- 

 dition of the dog had so far improved, that, after some eiforts, it rose on the 

 limbs, and then lay down in a normal crouching attitude, with the head raised. 

 In fifty-three minutes, the dog attempted to vomit, but it was not until one 

 hour and sixteen minutes that emesis occurred. Soon afterwards, it again got 

 up and walked about the room, with only a little unsteadiness. In one hour 

 and fifty-five minutes, the animal seemed to be perfectly well. The rate per 

 ten seconds of the cardiac contractions was 47, and that of the respirations 10, 

 and the pupils measured about ^-ths x -£-£ths of an inch. During all this time, 

 urine had been voided only once, and no feces had been passed. 



On the following day, the dog was active and in a perfectly normal general 

 condition. The cardiac impulses occurred at the rate of 48, and the respiratory 

 movements at that of 5, in ten seconds, while the pupils measured ^gths x ^gths 

 of an inch. 



It was not, however, until the sixth day that the heart's action had become 

 reduced to the normal frequency of about 30 contractions in the ten seconds 

 and the pupils remained more or less dilated for other eight days, but on the 

 fifteenth day they had returned to the condition that existed previously to the 

 experiment. 



This dog afterwards received without any atropia a dose of physostigmia 

 only one-half as large as that from which it recovered when atropia also was 

 given, and the following effects were produced : — 



Experiment 54-b. — Nineteen days after the performance of the previous ex- 

 periment, the dog that had been used in it received, by subcutaneous injection, 

 three-tenths of a grain of sulphate of physostigmia, dissolved in a small quantity 

 of distilled water. In five minutes, symptoms of discomfort, slight unsteadiness 

 of the limbs, and fibrillary twitches were observed ; and soon after, struggling 

 and stumbling movements occurred, and the flow of tears and saliva became 

 increased. In eight minutes, decided paralysis of the posterior extremities was 

 present. In ten minutes, the dog lay down on the abdomen, and rested the 

 lower jaw on the floor. Series of gentle tremors succeeded each other in rapid 

 succession, and at the end of one of them the dog fell over on the side. Saliva 

 now escaped freely from the mouth, wet and soft feces were passed, and the 

 respirations became rapid, noisy, and shallow. In fifteen minutes, the respira- 

 tions were very laboured and jerking, though still abnormally frequent, and the 

 tremors had somwhat increased in severity. In a short time, however, the 

 tremors became less severe and frequent, but at the same time the respiratory 

 movements became laboured, somewhat shallow, and greatly obstructed by 

 mucus accumulated in the mouth and larynx, and the cardiac impulse became 

 infrequent and weak. In ninteen minutes, the respirations consisted merely of 

 rarely occurring gasps, the pupils were contracted, and the sensibility of the 



