
RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN CRAIGLEITH QUARRY. 207 
Batrour and of Mr Howkins, C.E., engineer in charge of Granton harbour. 
In October 1855, during the concurrence of a furious westerly storm and an 
unusually high tide, the sea threw down about 200 feet of the west sea-wall, 
and in a few minutes filled the quarry, which has remained drowned ever since, 
with many feet of water over the fossils even at low water of spring tides. One 
of the fossils was securely imbedded, high and inaccessible, on the inside face 
of the west sea-wall. The other, and much the larger of the two, lay on a lofty 
pedestal of sandstone, left in the middle of the quarry for its preservation. 
Both lay slightly inclined with their tops to the south, and their bottoms towards 
the north. Mr Howxrns measured the larger one, and found it to be 75 
feet long, 5 feet in diameter at the bottom, and 1 foot 8 inches at the top. 
Like No. 2 fossil at Craigleith, it was considerably flattened throughout its 
whole length. 
PosiTIoN AND Form.—All the Craigleith fossil-trees save one have been 
found in the west end of the quarry, not far from one another. That removed 
to Barnton House alone lay at the east end. Nos. 2, 5, and 6 have alone been 
examined in situ by a competent observer. Mr WirnHAm describes No. 2 as 
lying not many feet from the bottom of what he recognised as a basin in the 
stratification. The strata dip now from westerly to easterly, inclined at an angle 
varying from 19° to 38°. But WirHAm says they dipped from opposite direc- 
tions towards his tree, and met horizontally where it lay. The basin thus 
formed must have been very limited, and has been dug out in the course of the 
much deeper excavations made since his time. But WirHAm’s drawing remains 
to prove his accuracy; and the foreman of the works recollects the quarry 
having had, about twenty years ago, a limited horizonal bottom 50 feet or more 
above the present very deep workings. On every side now, however, the strata 
dip nearly in one direction, 7.¢., more or less directly east. 
No. 1 is stated by Mr Wiruam to have lain horizontally ; but his account of 
it is so brief and imperfect, compared with that of No. 2, that probably he had 
not himself seen it in its bed. If the fragment mentioned above, as preserved 
at the Museum of Science and Art, belonged to No. 1, this fossil was sub- 
stantially round in form. 
No. 2 is described by Mr Wirnam as lying under about 100 perpendicular 
feet of sandstone rock, where the general dip of the beds is 12°, and the general 
direction of their dip towards N.N.E. The drawing made by Dr GREVILLE, 
however, represents the fossil to lie where the stratification immediately adjoin- 
ing is much contorted, and the general dip close to it only 5°. Both the direc- 
tion and the dip of the fossil itself are different. As I read Mr WitTHam’s 
description, the small upper end pointed 20° north of west. The dip was there- 
fore in a direction 20° south of east; and by a line on the drawing, taken from 
VOL. XXVI. PART IL. 3H 
