
RECENTLY DISCOVERED IN CRAIGLEITH QUARRY. 209 
None of these are at all flattened. No. 3 approaches a correct cylindrical shape 
more than any other of the fossils. In several of the segments the surface is 
both finely grooved, and in some places coarsely fluted, in others warty. One 
segment, towards 4 feet long, being the half of the cylinder split longitudinally 
down the middle, shows, when the sunlight falls obliquely on it, the parallel 
lines of concentric annual layers, exactly as may be seen on a modern pine trunk 
when split in the same manner. 
No. 5 lay near where No. 2 was found, and originally 110 feet of rock had 
covered its upper end. The strata around it dipped in a direction from 27° 
south of west to 27° north of east, and at an inclination of 28°. But the direc- 
tion and inclination of the fossil, as in the case of No. 2, were different. It 
dipped in a direction from 5° south of west to 5° north of east. The 23 feet of 
it first seen by me in its bed were somewhat curved, the convexity being 
upwards ; and the chord of the arch was inclined at an angle of 60°. Hence the 
fossil crossed the direction of the beds where it lay at an angle of 22°, and 
dipped through their parallel lines at an angle with them of 32°. The lowest 
12 feet, however, of what was then seen had a dip of 70° to the horizon ; and 
this dip continued the same 20 feet deeper, or as deep as the excavation was 
subsequently carried. The curvature was owing chiefly to two cracks, which 
were widest at the convexity, and were there not filled up in any way. At 31 
feet from the lowest part excavated the trunk had apparently forked. There 
was a rough surface about 9 inches wide, which, had the fossil been erect, would 
have been not far from horizontal; and for 24 feet above this mark the trunk 
had a longitudinal shallow hollow, such as would have been caused by a branch 
ascending for a few feet in contact with the trunk. At two other places less 
distinct marks might be seen of what might have been the attachment of small 
branches torn off. The surface of the fossil showed fine longitudinal furrows, 
but nowhere any fluting or warty excrescences. It came away from its bed 
chiefly in large blocks between 4 and 5 feet long, and 4 feet wide, not at all 
flattened. The fractured surfaces were most of them directly transverse, and 
some of them had the appearance of natural cleavages, more remarkable, how- 
_ ever, in the next fossil. 
No. 6 lay near the extreme west end, and in the deepest part of the quarry, 
| at a place now flooded. It was covered by fully 180 feet of hard sandstone 
beds. The direction of the strata which it pierced was the same as in the case 
| of the last fossil, namely, from W.S.W., dipping towards E.N.E.; and the angle 
| of inclination was 36°. The direction in which the fossil lay was in this instance 
| the same with that of the strata; but its angle of inclination was 61°, or 25° 
| more than that of the beds which it traversed. Six feet of it only were ever 
| seen at one time cleared of its matrix, and a most remarkable object it then 
| was, standing up black and cylindrical from its white sandstone base. About 
