526 D. MILNE HOME ON HIGH-WATER MARKS ON THE 
of the river, would fill Melrose valley up to the lime CC’ in the above 
diagram, fig. 9. The slopes from C to B, and from C’ to B’, would of course 
be portions of the lake bottom, the central part between B and B’ having been 
scoured out by the river after the Red Heugh barrier gave way. 
It is not probable that the entire barrier would disappear at once. It would 
be gradually worn down, and the surface of the lake would subside slowly, 
whilst the stream in the central parts would also be removing the detritus. 
A small arm of the lake appears to have covered what is called the Duke’s 
Meadow, where, in making excavations for a new gasometer lately, beds of fine 
clay (blue, yellow, and red in colour) were discovered, probably deposited in 
still water, the surface of which must have been at least 25 or 30 feet above the 
present bed of the river. A small stream comes here from the Eildon hills, 
which may have brought down sediment. 
There are traces in Melrose valley, of a flat even at a higher level than that 
last mentioned. Along the north side of the valley there are patches of one at 
about 400 feet above the sea; and it is traceable also on the south side of the 
valley between Abbotsford and Broomlees.* 
5. When the évibutaries of the Tweed are examined, indications of high water 
lines are found on their banks, similar to those on the Tweed itself. Three 
of these tributaries—viz., the Whitadder, the Till, and the Leader—may be 
noticed. — 
(1.) The River Whitadder, in the higher part of its course, near Cock- 
burn Law, presents on its left back two old haughs—one apparently about 
30, and the other 60 feet above the present channel. The highest fioods 
now have, in this part of the river, never been known to rise so much as 7 
feet. 
At Preston, about four miles lower down, there have been important 
changes, both in the level and in the course of the river, which deserve de- 
scription. On Plate XXXVI. fig. 1, a diagram is given to explain the 
changes. 
The present flat haugh land is indicated by the letters F. The scale is 
6 inches to the mile. The river in its present course is indicated by the 
arrows. 
Bounding this haugh land on the north and east, there is a very steep bank, 
about 42 feet above the haugh, which is indicated by the letters ¢,¢’,e”,e’”. The 
base of this bank slopes down eastward as the channel of the river does. This 
can be proved by studying the Ordnance Survey contour line of 300 feet,—it 
being below the base of the bank at e on the west, and above the top of the 
bank at e’” on the east. The materials composing the bank are entirely 
Rorert Cuampers, in his “ Ancient Sea Margins” (p. 180), refers to two terraces noticed by him, 
near Abbotsford and Galashiels—one 346, and the other 395 feet above the sea. i 

