FAM. 47, 48. 43 



bracts; inflorescence a terminal spike or raceme; stamens 

 3-8, hypogynous, anthers introrse; ovaries 3-4, distinct 

 or more or "less united; stigmas introrse; fruit dry or berry- 

 like. 



Saunirus cernuus. Marsh herbs with jointed stems, erect from a swollen base, 

 simple or branched; leaves winged-petioled, ovate-lanceolate to cordate 

 or hastate, acuminate, dark green; flowers small, white, in a terminal raceme 

 with drooping apex. Summer or Spring. 



47. Piperaceae, Pepper Family. 



Chiefly herbs with leathery, fleshy or thin leaves; flow- 

 ers in solitary or clustered spikes subtended by bractlets; 

 perianth absent; stamens 2-6, hypogynous, with distinct 

 filaments; ovary 1-celled with the 3 stigmas in a brush- 

 like tuft; fruit a small drupe with a solitary seed. 



Leaves petioled. flowers perfect, minute, stamens 2, - Peperomia 



P. leptostachya. Stems erect, slender; leaves opposite or whorled, thin, finely 



pubescent; spikes very slender and loosely flowered. In damp woods along 



the river. 



P. magnoliaefolia. Stems stout; leaves alternate, leathery; spikes slender, densely 



flowered. Hammocks. 

 Black and white pepper comes from Piper nigrum, with alternate leaves; dioe- 

 cious, minute flowers in drooping axillary spikes; stamens 1-4. 



48. Juglandaceae, Walnut Family. 



Monoecious trees with alternate leaves, odd-pinnate, 

 rarely entire. Sterile flowers in lateral aments with an 

 irregular 2-6 lobed calyx, or only a single bract, or none; 

 stamens in rows on the calyx. Fertile flowers solitary 

 or clustered, terminal, with a calyx or 1 -several parts in- 

 serted on the ovary. Fruit drupe-like, the hard or fibrous 

 husk enclosing a crustaceous or bony nut; seed 4-lobed. 

 Flowers in Spring, mature fruit in Fall. 



1. Bark furrowed, leaves membranous; staminate aments stout, simple, 



short-stalked; husk indehiscent, nut with ridges, - Juglans 



J. nigra, Black Walnut. Bark dark-brown, heart wood dark-brown; leaflets 

 15-23, the terminal one often suppressed, ovate or ovate-lanceolate; fruit 

 subglobose, glabrous; nut 2-celled above and 4-celled below the middle. In 

 rich soil and cultivated. 

 1. Bark close or scaly, leaves leathery; staminate aments slender, branch- 

 ed, mostly long-stalked, almost sessile in Pecan; husk dehiscent, 

 nut smooth, - ------ _ Hicoria (Carya) 



a. Lateral leaflets falcate; seed sweet; — foliage pubscent when young, 

 glabrous with age; bark somewhat rough; leaflets 9-15, oblong- 

 lanceolate, acuminate; fruit oblong, with thin 4-valved husk; nut 

 terete, smooth and even. Cultivated. 



Hicoria Pecin (Caryn oliva»formis), Pecan-nut 



