FAM. 118. 95 



or spurred, and the lowermost two stamens appendaged. Viola, Violet 

 1 Acaulescent. ___-_.__. _ _ _ 2 



1 Caulescent, --.-_______. g 



White. 3 



2. Blue, purple, lilac. ----------_ 4 



3. Leaves oval to ovate-oblong, the base truncate or subcordate. the mar- 



gins entire or crenulate; sepals acuminate; petals veined with 



purple, almost beardless. Moist soil. Spring. - - V. primulaefolia 



3. Leaves lanceolate, decurrent upon the petiole, the margins obscurely 



crenulate; petioles longer than the blades; scapes not longer 

 than the leaves; sepals acuminate; petals beardless, the lower 

 three with purple veins. Moist soil. Spring. - - - V. lanceolata 



4. Petals not bearded; — leaves roundish, pedately divided into 5-11 linear 



lobes; corolla blue, pale-lilac, rarely white. Dry woods. Spring. V. pedata 



4. Petals bearded, leaves undivided, -----___5 



5. Leaves long-petioled, mostly upright, reniform to cordate-ovate, ob- 



tusely serrate, the sides at the base rolled-in when young; cor- 

 olla blue, lateral and often the lower petals bearded. Low 

 ground. Winter and Spring. ------ V. cucullata 



5. Leaves cordate, crenate; flowers blue or variegated with white; fra- 



grant. Cultivated. - V. odorata, Sweet violet 



6. Stem simple, erect; cauline leaves short-petioled, hastate, denticu- 



late; basal leaves, if any, cordate; corolla small, yellow, lateral 

 petals bearded, the lowest with purple veins; spur very short. 

 Sandy woods. Spring and Summer. - V. hastata 



6. Stem branching; upper leaves oblong-ovate, lower ones ovate-cordate, 

 deeply crenate; stipules large; flowers blue-whitish-yellow, but 

 one of the colors may strongly predominate, or blue may be in- 

 tensified to purple, violet or purple-black. Cultivated. V. tricolor, Pansy 



118. Passifloraceae, Passion Flower Family. 



Herbs or shrubs, often climbing by means of tendrils 

 from the axils of the leaves; with alternate, mostly stipu- 

 late leaves, and usually showy, axillary flowers; sepals 

 4-5, more or less united; petals 4-5, together with a fila- 

 mentous crown inserted in the throat of the calyx; stamens 

 4-5, monadelphous below, and enclosing the stalk of the 

 ovary; ovary 1-celled, with 3-4 parietal placentae; styles 

 3-4, club-shaped; fruit fleshy, berry-like; seeds numerous, 

 included in a pulp. 



Leaves entire, lobed or parted; flowers solitary or clustered; calyx some- 

 times colored; petals rarely wanting; crown-filaments in rows; 

 anthers versatile; stigmas capitate; seeds flattened, 



Passiflora, Passion-flower 

 P. incarnata, May-pop. Trailing or climbing vine; leaves palmately 3-5 lobed 

 h two glands at the base of the blade; peduncles 3-angled, bearing an 

 involucre of 3 ovate bracts; sepals with a horn near the apex, greenish out- 

 side, tinged with lavender inside; petals pale-lavender; filaments in about 



