96 FAM. 119. 



5 rows, lavender striped with dark-purple and white; berries oval, yellow- 

 ish, large. Open and cultivated ground. Summer. 



P. lutea. A slender climber with 3-lobed leaves, the petioles without glands; 

 peduncles without involucre; corolla greenish-yellow, filaments in 3 rows, 

 berries oval, purple. Woods and thickets, and cultivated. Summer. 



P. quadrangularis, cultivated as Granaiilla-vine has white, violet and red flowers, 

 and large pale yellow fruits with edible pulp. — P. Pfordtii with bright blue 

 flowers is hardier. 



119. Opuntiaceae (Cactaceae), Cactus Family. 



Succulent shrubby plants, commonly provided with 

 spines arising from bristly areolae; stems globose, col- 

 umnar (round or angular), or flattened (jointed or con- 

 tinuous); leaves scale-like or wanting; flowers usually 

 large, solitary, terminal or lateral; sepals and petals sim- 

 ilar, in several rows; stamens numerous, in rows, inserted 

 on the base of the petals; ovary inferior, 1-celled, with 

 several parietal placentae; style 1, with stigmas as many 

 as placentae; fruit a fleshy berry, rarely dry, smooth or 

 spiny; seeds numerous. . 



Stems jointed, joints flat or more or less terete; leaves scale-like or fleshy; 

 spines barbed (in one species wanting) ; flowers lateral, arising 

 from spine-bearing areolae; calyx spreading, corolla rotate, 

 stigma 5-8 lobed, fruit pear-shaped, - Opuntia, Prickly Pear 



O. Opuntia (vulgaris). Stems ascending or prostrate; joints flat, as long or al- 

 most twice as long as wide; bristle-cushions remote, with solitary short spines 

 and often without them; bristles few; flowers pale-yellow; fruit nearly smooth. 

 Dry sandy soil. Summer and Fall. 



O. Pes-Corvi. Stems spreading or prostrate; joints nearly terete, many times 

 as long as wide, easily separable; bristle-cushions numerous, the upper ones 

 armed with 1-3 slender spines; flowers yellow; fruit small, bristly. Sandy 

 places along the coast. Early Summer. 



O. tuna, Tuna cactus. Cultivated for the juice of its purplish-red pear-shaped 

 fruits; flowers yellow or reddish; erect and spiny, about 1 m. tall. 



O. ficus-indica. Erect and almost spine-less, 1-2 m. tall; flowers yellow; cul- 

 tivated for its fruit. 



Burbank's spine-less cactus is cultivated for cattle fodder near DeLeon Springs. 



Some species of the following genera are cultivated for ornament: 



a. Echinocactus, almost globular, strongly ribbed, flowers terminal. 



b. Cereus, from almost globular to columnar; branching, stout, slender, climbing 

 or creeping; ribbed or angled. The species C. grandifiorus and C. nyctica- 

 lus are known as the fragrant. Night-blooming Cereus. 



c. Echinocereus, like the columnar forms of Cereus, but smaller. 



d. Phyllocactus, mostly epiphytes with flat joints. To this genus belongs 



Epiphyllum truncatum, Crab-cactus, with red flowers growing horizon- 

 tally from the truncated ends of the younger joints. Winter and early 

 Spring. — Also Phyllocactus latifrons, Queen Cactus, stems broad and flat, 



with creamy white flowers and reddish tube, blooming at night. 



