FAM. 173 145 



date to hastate; heads 4-flowered, in corymbose clusters; bracts 



4 or S. nearly equal; flowers white or pink, - Willugbaeya (Mikania) 



W. (M) scandens. Stems sometimes densely matted; heads numerous with 

 narrow involucres and linear bracts. Swampy places. Summer and Fall. 



11. Bracts of the involucre narrow, in one row, sometimes accompanied 

 by smaller bracts; — coarse erect herbs with alternate, toothed 

 to pinnatifid leaves; heads in corymbs and panicles; flowers white 

 or greenish. Open woods and burnt-over ground. Summer 

 and Fall. Erechtites, Fire-weed 



E. hieracifolia. Stems tall, simple or much branched; leaves lanceolate or spat- 

 ulate-oblong on winged petioles below, sessile or clasping above; pappus 

 white, silky. 



11. Bracts of the involucre broad, in few rows, persistent; — herbs or 

 shrubs with stems branched above; leaves alternate, oblong to 

 ovate, prominently veined, petioled, or the upper sessile and 

 clasping; heads in cluster-like cymes; receptacle flat, naked; 

 central flowers perfect but mostly sterile; anthers sagittate; 

 pappus a single row of scabrous capillary bristles, 



Pluchea, Marsh Fleabane 



P. foetida, L. (bifrons D. C.) Heads pale purple or white, in almost sessile clus- 

 ters; inner bracts acute, the outer acuminate, ciliate near the tips. Low 

 ground. Spring and Summer. 



P. longifolia. Leaves firm, mucronate; heads purplish, in dense terminal clus- 

 ters; bracts ciliate, the inner acute, the outer more obtuse. Swamps. Sum- 

 mer. 



P. purpurescens. Leaves short-petioled; corollas bluish-purple; bracts gran- 

 ulose. the inner acute or acuminate, the outer mucronate. Sandy soil. 

 Summer and Fall. 



P. camphorata. Leaves thickish, nearly sessile; heads light purple, in dense 

 clusters; bracts ciliate, the inner long-acuminate. Salt marshes. Sum- 

 mer and Fall. 

 11. Bracts of the involucre linear, in few rows, deciduous at maturity; — 

 herbs with the leaves alternate, mostly tomentose or woolly, 

 decurrent on the stem; heads in compact spikes; receptacle naked 

 or minutely hairy; central flowers perfect but mostly sterile; 

 anthers sagittate; pappus a single series of equal capillary 

 bristles, - Chaenolobus (Pterocaulon), Black-root 



C. undulatus (P. pycnostachyum). White-tomentose; stem simple; leaves ob- 

 long to lanceolate, wavy, smooth above; spikes stout, woolly, white. Sandy 

 pine-land. Spring and Summer. 



11. Bracts of the involucre scarious. in several rows; — herbs with woolly 



foliage; leaves narrow, alternate, sessile or decurrent; recep- 

 tacle usually pitted; anthers sagittate; pappus a single row of 

 capillary bristles, - Gnaphalium, Cudweed, Everlasting 



G. obtusifolium fpolycephalum), Rabbit Tobacco. White, woolly; leaves lin- 

 ear, sessile, the basal ones oblanceolate; heads numerous with few perfect 

 flowers, corymbose; bracts white or rusty. Dry soil. Summer and Fall. 



G. purpureum. White-woolly or silvery; leaves spatulate to linear; heads crowd- 

 ed, in spikes or racemes. Common- Spring to Fall. 



12. Ray-flowers pistillate, __- ......13 



