PAM. 173L ii'.i 



scale-like; bracts in about 4 rows with green, tapering tips; rays 

 15-30 white, rarely pale pink. Sandy or low soil. - - A. dumosus 

 e. Heads not numerous, in racemes or spikes; — stem and slender 

 branches more or less rough-pubescent; leaves linear; sessile, 

 rigid; bracts smooth, linear, acuminate; rays few, short, pur- 

 plish white. Along the coast. ----- A. raccmosus 

 23. Shrubs; — leaves fleshy, simple, opposite, slightly connate, heads sol- 

 itary, ped uncled; bracts in 2-3 rows; receptacle convex; stig- 

 mas of the disk-flowers hispid; pappus a toothed crown; rays 

 few. yellow. Saline marshes, - Borrichia, Sea Ox-eye 



B. fnitescens. Loaves linear-spatulate to obovate, cuspidate. Late Summer. 



23. Herbs. 24 



'2\. Ray-flowers persistent on the achenes; — leaves opposite, 3-ribbed, 



entire or sparingly toothed, sessile; receptacle conical; heads 

 solitary on long-peduncles; bracts of the involucre in 3-4 rows, 

 appressed; ray-flowers red. purple, yellow or variegated; pap- 

 pus of 1 -several awns or teeth, or absent; achenes of the rays 

 3-angled, those of the disk flattened. Cultivated. - Crassina (Zinnia) 



24. Ray-flowers deciduous from the achenes, ------ 25 



25. Receptacle flat to convex; — stems erect or procumbent with op- 



posite narrow leaves; heads inconspicuous; involucre of about 

 2 rows of bracts; receptacle chaffy; ray-flowers pistillate, disk- 

 flowers perfect, chiefly fertile; pappus of several short teeth, or 

 wanting, __________ Eclipta 



E. alba. Leaves elliptic to linear, sessile; rays white. Wet places. Fall. 



25. Receptacle convex or conical. ---------26 



26. Leaves opposite, petioled; — heads peduncled; bracts in about 2 



rows, narrow; pappus of 1 -several awns. - Spilanthes 



S. repens. Stems decumbent, slightly pubescent, leaves ovate to 

 lanceolate, serrate, narrowed into a petiole; rays yellow. River- 

 banks. Spring to Fall. 



26. Leaves alternate or opposite, decurrent; — bracts of involucre in 



few rows, narrow; pappus of 1-3 awns, sometimes accompanied 

 by as many scales, _____ Verbesina, Crou-nbeard 



V. Virginica. Stem winged; leaves alternate, lanceolate to ovate, serrate; heads 

 in corymbs; ray-flowers white. Dry ground. Summer. 



27. Disk-flowers bilabiate; — stemless perennial herbs with basal leaves. 



smooth above and white-tomentose beneath; the simple scape 

 bearing the solitary head; receptacle naked; bracts of the in- 

 volucre narrow in few rows; pappus of numerous soft bristly 

 hairs, ___-_--- Thyrsanthema ;Chaptalia) 

 T. semiflosculare (C. tomentosa). Leaves oblong to oblanceolate; heads nod- 

 ding; disk-flowers white or purplish, ray-flowers usually purple. Low pine 

 rens. Spring and summer. 



27. Disk-flowers 5-lobed. ---28 



28. Heads conspicuous, achenes flattened. -------29 



28. Heads conspicuous; achenes short, thick, not flattened; — coarse 



branching herbs, sometimes shrubby, with opposite leaves; 

 involucre double, the outer row of about 5 bracts with an inner 

 row of thinner bracts, subtending the achenes; receptacle flat, 

 chaffy; heads of yellow flowers in corymbose panicles. 



Polymnia, Leaf -cup 



