GLOSSARY. 157 



Or the surface may be covered with hairs, prickles or spines, and is called' 

 aculeate, prickly; — canescent, hoary with a gray pubescence; echinalt, 

 beset with prickles; — ftoccose, hairs in soft fleecy tufts; — hirsute hairs 

 long, rather stiff, scattered; — hispid, hairs short, stiff, scattered; — lan- 

 uginose, woolly; — pilose, hairs short, soft, scattered; — puberulent, minute- 

 ly hairy; — pubescent, hairs short, soft, dense; — sericeous, hairs silky, 

 dense; — setose, or setaceous, bristly; — spinose, beset with spines; — strigose, 

 strigillose, hairs rigid, dense, appressed; — tomentose, like felt; — villous, 

 hairs soft, long, dense. 



Cucullate: hooded or rolled up into hood-shape. 



Deciduous: not evergreen, dropping off. 



Decurrent: applied to leaves which are prolonged down the side of the stem below 

 the point of insertion. 



Decussate: applied to opposite leaves when the successive pairs each stand at right 

 angles with the pair next below them. 



Dehiscence: opening of anthers or fruit by valves (valvular), by pores (porous), by 

 a lid at the top (circumscissile or opercular), etc. — Valvular dehiscence of 

 fruit may be; 



suiural, along the sutures of a 1-celled pericarp; 

 loculicidal, each carpel opens at its dorsal suture, the partitions remaining 



attached to the middle of the valves; 

 septicidal, the carpels separate along the partitions, and each carpel may 



dehisce suturally or remain indehiscent; 

 septifragal, the carpels break away from the partitions, the latter remain- 

 ing united in the axis. 



Dichogamous: the condition of a perfect flower in which the stamens and pistils are 

 not mature at the same time, so that self-fertilization is prevented. — The 

 opposite condition is called homogamous. 



Dichotomous: forked; divided into two equal branches. 



Didymous: double, occurring in pairs. 



Diffuse : widely spreading. 



Dimorphous, used of plants possessing two forms of flowers, one with short styles 

 and long stamens, the other with long styles and short stamens; also used 

 of the flowers. 



Dissepiment: partition; the separating membrane (double) in a compound ovary 

 or in fruit. — It is called false when the partition is single. 



Distichous: arranged in two rows; two-ranked. 



Ear: the inflorescence of a cereal grass. 



Epiphyte: a plant that grows upon another plant but does not derive its food from 

 it. 



Evanescent: of short duration. 



Exserted: as stamens protruding from the tube of a corolla. 



Exstipulate: without stipules. 



Extrorse: facing outward; applied to anthers which face away from the pistil. 



Falcate: in the shape of a sickle or scythe. 



Ferruginous: rust-colored. 



Filiform: slender, thread-like. 



Fimbriate: fringed; the margin bordered with slender processes. 



Flexuous: bent from side to side; zigzag. 



Flower: consists of four whorls of leaves, viz, calyx (sepals), corolla (petals), andra- 

 cium (stamens), and gynacium (pistils); one or more of the whorls may 

 be absent. 



