GLOSSARY. 161 



Along the whole margin; — or the margin may be dentate with teeth directed 

 straight outward, serrate with teeth pointing forward, crenate with rounded 

 teeth and sharp sinuses, undulate with both teeth and sinuses rounded; — 

 when the margin is irregularly and sharply cut into, it is said to be incised 

 or cut, laciniate or torn and erose or jagged; — when the margin is wavy 

 up and down it is called repand, or if there is very much tissue in the margin 

 it is crispate or crisped; — projecting veins make the margin spinous. 



Lenticular: double convex. 



Ligule: the strap-shaped corolla of some Composite; — a membranous appendage at 

 the junction of leaf-blade and sheath in Grasses. 



Locule: compartment of a compound ovary. 



Midrib: the large central vein of a leaf. 



Monandrous: having only one stamen. 



Moniliform: like a string of beads. 



Nerve: a slender unbranched vein; or the term is used instead of vein or rib. 



Node: the point on a stem which normally bears the leaf or leaves. 



Obsolete: much reduced or only rudimentary. 



Ocrea: the two stipules when forming a tubular sheath around the stem or petiole. 



Ovary: (see Pistil). 



Ovules: an ovule consists of the nucellus, with the etnbyro-sac or megaspore inside, 

 and covered outside by the integument, a membrane which projects beyond 

 the apex of the nucellus, leaving a passage called foramen or micropyle. 

 In the seed the integument has become a hard covering, the testa, sealing 

 up the structures within. — The ovule is supported on a stalk, the j uniculus; 

 the juncture of nucellus and funiculus is the chalaza. When the ovule stands 

 straight upon the funiculus, the former is said to be orthotropous. When 

 completely inverted it is anatropous, and when partly inverted it is amphi- 

 tropous; in those two positions the funiculus becomes adherent to the testa 

 making a longer or smaller seam, called the raphe. When the ovule is curved 

 upon itself, it is campylolropous; and no raphe is formed. — The eye or scar 

 left on the seed by the separation from the stalk is the hilum. 



As to the position of the ovules in the ovary, they grow erect, ascending, 

 horizontal, pendulous or suspended. 

 Pales (Palet): the bractlets at the base of the flowers in the spikelet of a grass; — or 



the chaffy scales on the receptacle of some Composite; — also applied to the 



flattened brown hairs or chaff found on the stems and leaves of Ferns. 

 Pappus: the calyx of the florets of Compositae; it consists of a tuft of hairs. — or of 



tooth-like often barbed processes, or plumose bristles, — or a cup, — or a row of 



scales. 

 Pectinate: like the teeth of a comb. 



Pedate: palmately parted, with the lateral segments cleft. 

 Peduncle: flower-stalk. 

 Pellucid: transparent or translucent. 

 Peltate: shield-shaped, attached by its under surface. 

 Perfoliate: applied to an amplexicaul leaf when the base-lobes have grown together. 



so that the stem seems to pass through the blade. 

 Perianth: is the name for calyx and corolla collectively, or for the floral envelope 



if only one is present; if the perianth is absent, the flower is called naked 



or achlamydeous. — The principal forms of perianth arc: 

 a. the parts distinct; 

 cruciferous, four long-clawed petals standing in pairs; 



