TOPOGRAPHY OF NEBRASKA. 9 



Elevations Along the North Line of the State. 



Niobrara * 1,240 



Mouth of Keya Paha * 1,960 



Mouth of Snake River *2,G90 



Carap Sheridan, Old Spotted Tail Agency *3,490 



Camp Robinson 3,764 



State Line on Cottonwood Creek 3,761 



Indian Creek, northwest corner of State 4,013 



Scott's Bluffs, thirty miles north of Pine Bluffs *<;,051 



Clark's Bridge, north of Sidney 3,707 



Niobrara River, southeast of Fort Robinson 4,118 



White Man's Fork on State Line, south of U. P. R. R 3,188 



From the preceding data it is estimated that the eastern half or 

 the State along - the line of the Union Pacific Railroad has an average 

 elevation of 1,700 feet, the western half 3,525 feet. The average 

 elevation of the whole line would be 2,612 feet. 



Along the south line of the State the elevation of the eastern 

 half averages 1,200 feet; the western half 2,672 feet. 



Along- the north line of the State the data given makes the eastern 

 half beginning at Ponca 1,353 above the sea level. The western 

 half averages about the same as that of the line of Union Pacific 

 Railroad. It is proportionately greater along its middle and less 

 along its western portion. This would give an elevation of 2,312 

 feet for the whole State. This is a much smaller elevation than is 

 usually given for the State, but it is the more accurate because based 

 on elevations along the north and south line, as well as through the 

 centre of the State from the east to west. Estimates heretofore 

 made place the mean elevations at 2,5^0 feet. 



For the first one hundred miles west from Omaha the ascent 

 is at the rate of five and a half feet to the mile. The second 

 hundred miles increases the ascent to seven feet ; the third 

 hundred, seven and a half feet, and the fourth hundred to ten and a 

 half feet to the mile. The ascent on the last fifty miles on the 

 west end of the State is eighreen feet to the mile. While these 

 figures are not exact they are close approximations to the truth. 

 The calculation has been made for the line of the Union Pacific 

 Railroad, but the south line of the State differs very little from this. 

 A similar gradual ascent characterizes the northern line of the 

 State. It will be observed that the second and third hundred miles 

 have almost the same gradual ascent. After this the ascent in- 

 creases quite rapidly until it reaches eighteen feet to the mile. The 



