CYPERACEAE— POAcKAl. 



Ponies Grass Order 

 Cyperaceae — Sedge Family 

 or rush-like herbs, leaves with closed sheaths and narrow blades or blades sometimes 

 lacking; stems solid, often triangular; flowers in spikelets, either solitary or clusl 



0, stamens 1-3, ovarj 1 celled, flowers in the axil of a scale, naked or with hairs, brisl 

 a p< rig) ilium, hypogynous. 

 I. Rowers perfect, pistil surrounded by bristles >'r hair^ 



1. Base of the style swollen, persistent Hcleocharis 



2. Base of the style not swollen, deciduous 



i I *i -t 1 1 surrounded by 1-6 l>rist U- Scirpus 



b. Pistil surrounded by <> man) smooth hairs Eriophorum 



il Rowers staminate and pistillate, pistillate one surrounded by a : 



gyrrium Carex 



I [eleocharis Spike Rush 



(Or. heloB. marsh, charts, grace) 

 PI. l'». fig. C : 1. 2. 3 

 Style 2-cleft; creeping rootstock; perennial H.palustris 



Scirpus — Clubrush, Bulrush 



i I., scirpus, rush ) 

 PI. 1'*. fig. 1) : 1. 2. 3. 4 

 1. Spikelet solitary ami terminal: involucral leaf or bract lacking S. pauciflorus 



Spikelets more than one. appearing terminal or lateral; involucral 

 leaf 1 



a. Culm sharpl) 3-angled; spikelets 2-several; involucral leaf long S. americdnus 



b. Culm round, tall; spikelets many; involucral leaf short, appearing 



like the tip of the stem S. validus 



Spikelets several; involucral leaves 2; stem stout, triangular S. fluvidtilis 



Eriophorum — Cotton-grass 



(Gr. erion, wool, phora, bearing) 

 PI. 19, fig. E : 1, 2, 3 



1. Spikelets solitary /:. callitrix 



2. Spiki lei - in a cluster 



a. Spikelets in an umbel, hairs white 



(li Flowering stems less than 1 mm. thick at the top; basal leaves 



wanting icile 



Flowering stems 1-2 mm. thick at the top; basal leaves present, 

 flat 



(a) Leaf-sheaths green, scales of inflorescence with a strong mid- 



rib to the tip /■.'. viridi-carinatum 



(b) Leaf-sheaths with a dark top, scales of inflorescence with a 



papery, nerveless tip E. angustifdlium 



Spikelets in a head, hairs brown /:. virginicum 



Carex — Sedge 



I I,, carex, sedge > 

 PI. 19, rig. F : 1. 2. 3. 4 



A large genus, several species of which begin to blossom before June 1. Since the ripe fruit is 

 - .ry for a correct determination of the species a ke> t" the species i> not given. Carex pennsyl- 



' has mature aehenes before the end of May. 



Poaceae — Grass Family 



Perennial herbs with narrow sheathing leaves: stems round with nodes and internodes; flowers 

 in spikelets: sepals 0. petals 0. stamens 2 or 3. flower naked, between two scales, hypogynous. 

 S ikelet with but 1 perfect flower 

 1. Axis of spikelet jointed below the empty scales, scales firm and shiny Panicum 



