20 



MENYANTHACEAE— OLEACEAE— POLEMONIACEAE 



Androsace — Androsace 



(Gr. androsakes, a kind of plant) 

 PL 7, fig. G 

 Low much-branched herb ; flowers very small, white 



Gentianales Gentian Order 



A. occidentdlis 



Menyanthaceae — Buckbean Family 



Aquatic or marsh herbs with trifoliate leaves; sepals 5, petals 5, stamens 5. ovary 1-celled; 

 flower syncarpous, sympetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



Menyanthes — Buckbean 



(Gr. menanthes, moon-flower) 

 Leaves trifoliate, leaflets entire; flowers white or purple M. trifolidta 



Oleaceae — Olive Family 

 Trees or shrubs with simple or pinnate leaves ; sepals 4, petals 2-4 or none, stamens 2-4, 

 ovary 2-celled; flowers perfect to dioecious, syncarpous, often apetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



1. Petals none; trees 



2. Petals present ; shrubs 



a. Flowers yellow 



b. Flowers not yellow 



(1) Flowers lilac, rarely white; petals small, united 



(2) Flowers white; petals 1 in. long, nearly free 



Fraxinus — Ash 



(L. fraxinus, ash-tree) 



1. Lateral leaflets sessile 



2. Lateral leaflets stalked 



a. Wing mostly at the end of fruit 



b. Wing extending down the sides of fruit 



(1) Leaves and twigs velvety 



(2) Leaves and twigs smooth 



Forsythia — Forsythia 



(Named for Forsyth, an English horticulturist) 

 PI. 7, fig. H 



1. Corolla golden yellow ; leaves ovate 



2. Corolla greenish yellow ; leaves lanceolate 



Syringa — Lilac 



(Gr. syrinx, tube, of doubtful application) 



1. Corolla much longer than calyx 



a. Flower clusters from lateral buds 



(1) Leaves cordate or truncate at base 



(2) Leaves narrowed toward base 



b. Flower clusters usually on terminal leafy branches 



2. Corolla little longer than calyx 



Chionanthus — Fringe Tree 



(Gr. cnion, snow, anthos, flower, from the color) 

 Flowers with long ribbon-like petals 



Polemoniales Phlox Order 



Fraxinus 



Forsythia 



Syringa 

 Chionanthus 



F. nigra 



F. a?nericdna 



F. pennsilvdnica 

 F. lanceoldta 



F. suspensa 

 F. viridissima 



S. vulgaris 

 S. persica 

 S. villdsa 

 S. amurensis 



C. virginica 



Polemoniaceae — Phlox Family 

 Herbs with entire to dissected leaves ; sepals 5, petals 5, stamens 5, alternate with the corolla 

 lobes; ovary usually 3-celled ; flowers syncarpous, sympetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



I. Leaves simple 



1. Leaves opposite; flowers large Phlox 



2. Leaves alternate ; flowers minute Collomia 



II. Leaves pinnate Polcmonium 



