POLYGALACEAE— VIOLACEAE— SARKACENIACEAE 



13 



I Vntaria Toothwi »r1 



i I., dentarla, an herb that cures the toothache) 



PI. 4. fig. J 



I. Sum leaves 3, the divisions lanceolate D.lacin 



• 2, the divisions ovate D. diphylla 



Polygalaceae — Milkwort Family 

 II rbs with entire leaves; sepals 5. 2 larger, petals 3, somewhat united, stamei ary 2 



celled : flower syncarpous, slightly sympetalous, hypogynous, somewhat zygomorphic. 



Polygala — Milkwort 



•:i poly». much, grata, milk) 



PI. 3. fig. J : 1. 2 



1. Flowers many in a spike, white P. senega 



2. Flowers 1-4 in a raceme, rose-purple P. paucifolin 



Violaceae — Violet Family 

 Low herbs with simple entire to deeply cut leaves; sepals 5, petals 5, stamen- 5. ovary 1 

 celled, carpels ■' : flower syncarpous. apopetalous, hypogynous, zygomorphic. 



Viola — Violet 



(L. viola, the violet) 



1. Flowering stems not leafy 



a. Leaves lobed >>r cut 



(1) Petals bearded toward the 1 



(a) Lobes of the leaf broad, especially the middle one 



(b) Lobes narrow, linear 



(2) Petals not bearded 



b. Leaves entire, crenate or dentate, sometimes cut at the base 

 (1) Petals blue or violet, rarely white 



(a) Leaves reniform to ovate, base not cut 

 x. Plant glabrous 



(x) Spur nearly as long as the petals 

 (y) Spur much shorter than the petals 

 y. Plant hairy 

 (h) Leaves mostly lanceolate, base often cut 

 Petals white, veins often purplish 



(a) Leaves reniform, blade not decurrent 

 x. Plant glabrous 

 y. Plant hairy 



(b) Leaves linear to lanceolate, glabrous 



2. Flowering stem leafy 



a. Petals yellow 



b. Petals purple t«i white 

 (1) Spur short, blunt 



(a) Stipules entire; flowers white or pinkish 



(b) Stipules toothed or cut: flowers purple 

 x. Plant smooth or nearly so 



V. pal mala 

 V. pedatifida 

 V . pcdaUi 



V. Selkirkii 



V. papiliondcca 

 V. sordria 

 V. sagittdta 



V. bldnda 

 V. renifdlia 

 V. laiiceohtia 



V. pubescens 



V. canadensis 



y. Plant hairy or puberulent 

 (2) Spur long, acute 

 Petals manv-colored 



V. hihradorica 

 V. arendria 

 V. corntita 

 V. tricolor 



Sarraceniales Pircher-PIant Order 



Sarraceniaceae — Pitcher- Plant Family 

 Herbs with pitcher-like leaves: sepals 4-5. petals 5, stamens many, ovary 3-5-celled; flower 

 syncarpous, apopetalous. hypogynous, regular. 



Sarracenia — Pitcher-Plant 



i Named for Dr. Sarracin, a Canadian botanist) 

 Leaves erect, pitcher-like, winged; flowers purple S. pvrpu 



