10 



MENISPERMACEAE— PAPAVERACEAE— FUMARIACEAE 



Caulophyllum — Blue Cohosh 



(Gr. kaulos, stalk, phyllon, leaf) 

 Herb with compound leaves and greenish 6-parted flowers C. thatictroides 



Menispermaceae — Moonseed Family 

 Twining vines with alternate leaves; sepals 4-8, petals 6-8, stamens 12-24, pistils 2-4; flower 

 apocarpous, apopetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



Menispermum — Moonseed 



(Gr. mene, moon, sperma, seed) 

 Twining vine with ovate leaves and greenish flowers M. canadense 



Nymphaeaceae — Waterlily Family 

 Aquatic herbs ; sepals 3-5, petals 5-many, stamens 5-many, pistils 1 compound or 3-many sim- 

 ple ; flower apopetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



Nymphaea — Yellow Pond Lily 

 Herb with floating and submerged leaves and yellow many-parted flower. N.advena 



Brassicales Mustard Order 



Papaver 

 Sanguinaria 



P. nudicaule 



Plate 3: A, Papaver nudicaule, 1, flower, 2, fruit; B. Sanguinaria canadensis, 1, flower, 2, 

 fruit; C, Bicuculla cucullaria, 1. flower, 2, fruit; D, Bicuculla canadensis; E. Capnoides 

 •aureum; F, Polanisia graveolens. 1. (lower. 2. fruit: G. Brassica nia;ra. 1, flower. 2. fruit; 

 H. Brassica juncea; I, Draba caroliniana, 1, flower, 2, fruit: J. Polvgala paucifolia, 1. 

 flower, 2, fruit. 



Papaveraceae — Poppy Family 

 Herbs with colored sap; sepals 2, petals 4-12, stamens many, ovary 1-celled; flower syncar- 

 pous, apopetalous, hypogynous, regular. 



1. Flowers yellow or red; leaves pinnately lobed 



2. Flowers white; leaves palmately lobed 



Papaver — Poppy 



(Latin name of the poppy) 

 PL 3, fig. A : 1, 2 

 Leaves basal ; stem 3-12 in. high ; flowers 1-3 in. wide 



Sanguinaria — Bloodroot 



(It sanguis, blood, from the color of the sap) 

 PI. 3, fig. B : 1, 2 

 Herb with red juice; leaf 5-9-lobed ; flower single, white S. canadensis 



Fumariaceae — Fumitory Family 

 Herbs with dissected leaves; sepals 2, petals 4, 1 or 2 of them spurred, stamens 6, ovary 1-2- 

 celled ; flower syncarpous, apopetalous, hypogynous. zygomorphic. 



I. Flower with two spurs Bicuculla 



II. Flower with one spur Capnoides 



Bicuculla — Bleeding Heart, Dutchman's Breeches, Squirrel Corn 



iL. bi-, two. cucnlla, cowl, from t he two spurs) 

 PI. 3, fig. C : 1, 2 and D 



1. Flowers 2.5-3 cm. long, bright pink-red B. specldbilis 



2. Flowers 1-2 cm. long, white to pink 



a. Flowers in a raceme, white 



(1) Spurs prominent and spreading B. cucullaria 



(2) Spurs round and short, sack-like B. canadensis 



b. Flowers in a branched cluster, pink B. eximia 



