PINACEAE— TAXACEAE 



Pseudotsuga — Douglas Fir 



(Gr, pseudes, false. Japanese tenga,, hemlock) 

 PL 1, fig. B 

 Cultivated West-American tree with flat soft leaves 



Tsuga — -Hemlock 



(Japanese tsugra, hemlock) 

 PL 1, fig. C 

 Native and cultivated tree with small dark green flat leaves 



Picea — Spruce 



I L. picea, sin \ue or fir tree, from pix, pitch) 



PL 1, fig. D 



1. Twigs spreading horizontally; cones less than 8 cm. long 



a. Twigs smooth ; cone-scales flexible 



(1) Leaves very stiff and blue, 25-30 mm. long; cultivated 



(2) Leaves slender, 10-25 mm. long ; native 



b. Twigs minutely hairy; leaves 5-15 mm. long; cone-scales stiff; 



native 



2. Twigs drooping; cones 10-20 cm. long: cultivated 



Larix — Larch, Tamarack 



(L. larix, larch tree) 

 PL 1, fig. E 



1. Native tree; mature cones 1-1.5 cm. long 



2. Cultivated tree ; mature cones 2.5-3.5 cm. long 



Pinus — Pine 



CL. pinus, the pine tree) 

 PL 1. fig. F 



1. Leaves in fascicles of 5; cones 15-20 cm. long 



2. Leaves in fascicles of 2; cones 2-5 cm. long 



a. Leaves more than 1 dm. long 



(1) Leaves thin, flexible; bark reddish; native 



(2) Leaves thick, stiff; bark gray; cultivated 



b. Leaves less than 1 dm. long 

 (1) Trees usually 4-20 m. high 



(a) Leaves flexible, blue-green, 2.5-7 cm. long; cones reflexed ; 



cultivated 



(b) Leaves stiff, yellow-green. 2.5-5.5 cm. long; cones pointing 



Ps. taxifolia 



T. canadensis 



P. pun gens 

 P. canadensis 



P. maridna 



P. dbies 



L. laricina 

 L. decidua 



P. strobus 



P. resin osa 



P. laricio austriaca 



P. stive str is 



forward ; native 

 (2) Low branching shrub, 1-4 m. high ; leaves 4-7 cm. long ; cul- 

 tivated 



Thuja — White Cedar. Arbor-vitae 



(Gr. thyia, the arbor-vitae) 

 PL 1, fig. G 

 Native tree, often cultivated, with flat fragrant spray 



Sabina — Savin, Red Cedar 



i L. herba sabina, the Sabine plant) 

 PL 1. fig. H 



1. Small upright tree 



2. Low creeping shrub 



Juniperus — Juniper 



(L. juniperus, the .iuniper) 

 PL 1, fig. I 

 Shrub with stiff needle-like leaves, and blue berries 



P. banksidna 



P. montana 



T. occidentdlis 



S. Virginian a 

 S. horisontdlis 



I. communis 



Taxaceae — Yew Family 

 Evergreen shrubs or trees ; flowers dioecious or monoecious ; staminate flowers cone-like, 

 consisting of an axis bearing stamens ; pistillate flowers not cone-like, much reduced, the ovules 

 commonly solitary ;md exposed; seeds exposed, with a fleshy outer integument. 



