Spermatophytes Flowering Plants 



Gymnospcrmac Gymnospcrms 



Pinales Pine Order 



Pinaceae — Pine Family 



Resinous tree- or shrubs, usually evergreen; (lowers monoecious or dioecious, cone-like; 

 staminate of an elongated axis bearing numerous scale-like <>r peltate stamens; the pistillate 

 flower, an axis bearing scales in a single or double series, the fertile scales bearing l-many 

 (usually 2) naked ovules; fruit usually a cone with hard, dry scales, occasionally berry-like, tlu 

 sc lies becoming fleshy. 



I. Leaves linear, needle-like, alternate or in fascicles i Tribe Abietineae) 

 1. Foliage leaves all scattered, alternate 



it, linear, more or less twisted into two ranks 

 Buds small, round, resinous; cones upright with deciduous 

 scales Abies 



ily. not resinous; eones pendent with persistent scales 



(a) Leaves about 2 cm. long, their scars scarcely raised; bracts 



of cone long Pseudotsuga 



(b) Leaves about 1 cm. long, their -car- raised on woody pro- 



ject wuw ; bracts of cone short Tsu 



1). Leave- tour-sided in section, not at .all two-ranked, their scars raised 



on woody projections Picea 



r some of them in fascicles 



a. Leaves deciduous, some scattered, others in large fascicles Larix 



b. Leave- evergreen, in fascicles of 2-5 Pinus 



II. Leaves needle-like or scale-like, opposite or in whorls (Tribe Cup; 



ineael 



1. Cone- woody: twigs and Spray flat; leaves scale-like of two alter- 

 nating t Thuja 



2 Cones fleshy; twigs and spray not flattened; leaves scale- or needle- 

 like, all alike on any twig 



Leaves usually opposite, scale-like <>n mature twigs Sabiua 



h. Leaves in whorl- of three, .all needle-like Juniper us 





5F : 



— ' -|/ 



Pi.ate 1: A, .Vines balsamea; B, Pseudotsuga taxifolia; C. Tsuga canadensis; D. Picea 

 mariana : E Larix laricina ; F, P nksiana; G. Thuja occidentalis ; II. Sabina vir- 



giniana; I. Juniper';- communis; I. Taxus canadensis; K. Ginkgo biloba. 



Abies — Balsam Fir 



ml Cir. abies, fir tree) 

 PI. 1, fig. A 



1. Native trei : leaves ('ark green above, fragrant. 1-2 cm. long A. balsamea 



2. Cultivated West-American tree: leaves pale above. 2-3.5 cm. long A.concolor 



