KEY TO FAMILIES 



y. Sepals not united in a corolla-like tube 

 i x i Stamens as many as the sepals 

 in. Flowers in dense fleshy spikes 

 n. Flowers not in fleshy spikes 

 (m) Ovary superior, styles and stigmas 3 

 (n) Ovary half-inferior, style and stigma 1 

 (o) Ovary wholly inferior, styles and stigmas 2 

 (y) Stamens more numerous than the sepals 

 m. Ovary inferior, sepals 3 

 n. Ovary superior, sepals 4 or 5 

 (m) Sepals 4, stamens 6-8 



r. Stamens 6, style and stigma 1 

 s. Stamens usually 8. styles and stigmas 2 

 (n) Sepals S 

 r. Stamens numerous, styles 3, stigmas 6 

 s. Stamens 6-8 

 2. Sepals absent, or occasionally very minute 



a. Woody plants 



(1) Leaves scale-like or needle-like, usually evergreen 



(a) Leaves resinous, fragrant when bruised; fruit a cone or 



several seeded blue berry 



(b) Leaves not resinous nor fragrant; fruit a one-seeded red 



berry 



(2) Leaves not scale-like or needle-like, deciduous 

 ( a ) Leaves simple 



x. Fruit with many hairy seeds, flowers dioecious 

 y. Fruit one-seeded, flowers usually monoecious 

 (x) Low shrubs with very fragrant leaves 

 (y) Trees, rarely shrubs ; leaves not fragrant 

 (b) Leaves compound 

 x. Leaves alternate, staminate flowers in catkins 

 y. Leaves opposite, flowers in clusters 



b. Herbs 



(1) Flowers in heads surrounded by 5 petal-like glands 



(2) Flowers in spikes or spikelets 



(a) Spike fleshy, with a leafy spathe 



(b) Flowers in papery spikelets, with scales 



x. Flower enclosed in two scales ; stem hollow, round 



y. Flower with a single scale ; stem solid, mostly triangular 



eae 



jy 



Polygonaceae 



15 



Santalaceae 



31 



. ipiaceae 



35 



Aristolochiaceae 



Brassicaceae 

 Saxifragat 



Euphorbia 

 Polygonaceae 



30 



11 

 29 



18 



15 



Pinaceae 



5 



Taxaceae 



6 



Salica 



15 



Myricdi 



34 



Betulat 



33 



Juglandaceae 



32 



Oleaceae 



20 



Euphorbiaceae 



IS 



. Iraceae 



39 



Poaceae 



45 



Cyperaceae 



45 



