TREES AND SHRUBS 

 QUERCUS L. Oak 



59 



Low shrubs or large trees with rough bark on the older stems 

 and hard tough wood; leaves chlorophyll green and deciduous or 

 bluish or grayish green and persistent almost or quite until the leaves 

 of the following season appear, of various shapes, size, and texture, 

 generally short-petioled, mostly more or less stellate pubescent at 

 sometime; flowers monoecious, the staminate usually in slender, 

 pendulous aments, the pistillate solitary or in few-flowered spike- 

 like aments, appearing with the leaves; fruit (acorn) a nut varying 

 in shape and size with the species, the cup also being of varying 

 size and shape. 



Acorns sericeous- tomentose Inside, maturing 



the second year. 

 Acorns not sericeous-tomentose inside, matur- 

 ing the first year. 

 Leaves bluish, grayish or yellowish green 

 (never bright chlorophyll green) more or 

 less coriaceous in texture and mostly per- 

 sisting until the new leaves come, hence 

 the plant leafy all the time. 

 Leaves not persisting (medium sized shrub). 

 Leaves persisting until after the appear- 

 ance of the young ones. 

 Mature plants shrubs, never trees. 

 Plant about 3 feet high, with very small 



acorns and leaves. 

 Plants taller, leaves and acorns larger. 

 Leaves fulvous beneath; cup turbin- 

 ate. 

 Leaves not fulvous beneath; cup hemi- 

 i spheric. 



Leaves only moderately coriaceous, 

 neither spinulose-toothed nor 

 ' crisped. 



Leaves strongly coriaceous, much 

 crisped and spinulose-toothed. 

 Mature plants trees, shrubby forms im- 

 mature, usually not fruiting. 

 Scales of the cup thin, only slightly 

 corky-thickened on the back; ma- 

 ture leaves yellowish green. 

 Leaves of the same color on both sur- 

 faces. 

 Leaves fulvous beneath, especially 

 i when young. 



1. Q. hypoleuca. 



2. Q. fendleri. 



4. Q. rydbergiana. 

 6. Q. turbinella. 



3. Q. undulata. 



5. Q. pungens. 



Q. emoryi. 

 Q. wilcoxii. 



