THE MARINE ALG.E OF NEW ENGLAND. 5 



Ifclli/ormiSj ('. (Uraricnta. Pes ma rest in aeuleata^ J), viridis, rin/lUtisJhseia, 

 :Sci/tosi2)hon lomentarius^ the coninuni Fuci aiul Laminaria\ not to meii- 

 tioii a large number of Chlorosporew and Cnjptophycew. But a very 

 few exclusively American species are found throughout our liniit.s. 

 Most of the purely American si)ecies arc either conlined to the shore 

 sonth of Capo Cod or else to the shore from Boston north wanl. In 

 fact, a good share of our common sea-weeds could be recognized from 

 the ligurcs in the Phycologia Brittanica. 



Let us consider next the characteristic species l)et\veen r>oston and 

 l-^astport. In studying these we nuist turn not to works on the algai of 

 !•' ranee, or Great Britain, but rather to those on Scandinavian algjie. It is 

 especially instructive to examine the Alga* Scandinavicie of Professor 

 Areschoug in connection with our own forms. The resemblance is at 

 once striking. At Eastport we have a magnitlcent growth of Lamina- 

 rice and Fuci, which predominate over all other forms. The larger spe- 

 cies are even found high up on the shore, and we find growing in pools 

 Saeeorhiza dermatodea, Laminaria longicruriSj Agarum Turneri, Dictij- 

 osiphon liippuroides^ Ualosaccion ramcntaceum, and Monostroma Bli/tii; at 

 low- water mark Liihothamnion fasciculatum abounds; and Futhora oris- 

 tataj Delesseria sinuosa, D. aJata, and CaUithamiiiou Pylaiswi can easily 

 be collected without wading. The rocks are covered with crusts of Fc- 

 troceUs cruenta^ and Ealfsia verrucosa^ and the luxuriant Fueus evanes- 

 cens. With the exception of Agarum Turneri^ which is not found iu 

 Europe, but which occurs in the Xorth Pacific, and C. Pylaism, which 

 is peculiar to America, all the species named are found in the north of 

 Norway. EutJwra cristata does not appear south of Scotland, where it is 

 rare, and Laminaria Jongicruris i:!i scarcely known south of the northern 

 part of Scotland. As we proceed southwards from Eastport to Xahaut, 

 near Boston, we find that the species named disappear into deeper wat^r, 

 and, with the exception of Monostroma Bhjttii^ are not generally seen ex- 

 cept when washed ashore. Dietyosiphon h ijypuroides has not yet been seen 

 south of Eastport, but Saccorhiza dermatodea^ known to Harvey only 

 from Xewfoundland, is now known to occur at Marblehead, near Xahant, 

 and Ualosaccion is not rare in deep pools at Gloucester, while Monos- 

 troma BIyttii, in rather a small form, is found on exposed rocks at Little 

 Nahant. Fucus cvancsccns, which is as abundant as F. rcsiculosus at 

 Eastport, seems to be replaced on the Massachusetts coast by F. fur- 

 catus. CalUhlepharis ciliata of Ilarvey^s Nereis, found from Cape Ann 

 northwards is now known to be the same as PliodophyUis veprecula^ a 

 common species on northern coasts. As yet none of the Scandinavian 

 species of Phloeospora have been found with us, but it is not unlikely 

 that they might be found by a botanist who should collect at Eastport 

 in the spring. It is hardly likely that Phlaospora tortilis does not occur 

 with us, for it is not uncommon on the Norwegian coast, and was collected 

 iu Greenland by Dr. Kiimhen, of the Uowgate expedition. Polysipho- 

 nia arctica may perhaps also be expected, as well as Cha:topteri8 plumosa^ 



