THE MAKiXE alga: or NEW i:nglam). 6 



ny (H UK' ciiinato, too. iviiilers it ditlii-iilt to colkvt during; the winter 

 niid early spiiiii; months, when the species to l>e t'onnil are to a fjreat 

 extent ditlereut from those whieh llonrish in sninnier. A rieh harvest 

 inijrlit he expeeteil l>y an alp)h)^ist who shonhl i)ass the winter and 

 sprin;; at some expose<l ])oint u\nn\ tlie eoast. The summer speeies may 

 be said to be tolerably well known, bin our knowled^^e of the winter 

 forms is very delieieut. 



For the purpose of examining the al;;;e of the coast, I have visited 

 I^astport, Portland, Cai)e Ann, Wood's lloll, Mass., where I passed two 

 summers with the Commission, Newport, Xoank, Conn., and Greeu- 

 i>ort. L. I. Cnfortunately, I have not been able to make any excursions 

 durinir the winter months, except to the coast near Boston, at Xahant and 

 Alai'blehead, and my knowled«ie of the winter species is derived from 

 specimens sent by correspondents. 



In this connection I would express my sincere thanks to corresi)ond- 

 ents who have aided me by specimens and information, and I would 

 acknowiedjie esi>ecially my obligations to Prof. D. C. Eaton, of New 

 Uaven : Mr. Ilorace Averill and Mr. A. E. Younp:, of Brooklyn ; Mr. 

 C. B. Puller, of Portland; Mrs. A. Jj. Davis and Mrs. M. 11. liray, of 

 Gloucester; Miss M. A. Booth, Mrs. Corcoran, Mrs. J. T. Lusk, Mrs. 

 Beebe, ^Ir. F. S. Collins, and others, whose names are appended to the 

 dilierent species described. I am particularly indebted to the Fish Com- 

 mission for their valuable aid in enabling me to dredge and collect iu 

 various interesting localities in Southern Massachusetts, at Xoank, and 

 at Gloucester, and to Mr. Alexander Agassiz for facilities for examining 

 the coast at Newport. With the materials at hand I have attempted to 

 review critically the species of our coast, and for this purpose it was neces- 

 sary to compare them witli the alga^ not only of Great Britain, but of 

 the other shores of Europe. I am, above all, indebted to Dr. Edouanl 

 Bornet, of Paris, who has constantly furnished information, both with 

 regard to structure and nomenclature, without which it would have been 

 impossible for me to form an accurate judgment concerning American 

 sj)ecies. I would also return my thanks to Prof. J. G. Agardh, of Lund ; 

 to Prof. J. E. Areschoug, Dr. W. B. Wittrock, and Dr. F. J. Kjellman, 

 of Upsala, tlirough whose kindness I have been able to examine very 

 complete sets of Scandinavian and Arctic alga% which have a si)ecial 

 bearingon the New Knglan<l tU)ra; to Prof. E. l*ercevanVright,of Dublin, 

 wiio has obligingly allowed me to examine specimens in the Uarveyan 

 Herbarium ut Trinity College; to M. A. Le Jolis, of Cherbourg, and Prof. 

 J. T. Bostatinski, of Cracow, for valuable notes on Laminariiv ; and to 

 Mr. F. Ilauck, of Trieste, for sets of Adriatic alga*. 



If we regard the marine vegetation of the northeastern coast of the 

 Uiiite<l States as a whole, we see that, beginning at Eastport, we have a 

 strongly marked arctic tlora, whieh is a direct continuation of that of 

 (ireenland and Newfoundland. As we proceed southward towards Bos- 

 ton, although the luxuriance of growth is less, the general appear- 



