MAKINi: ALG.E OF NEW ENGLAND. 123 



On sul»iiK'i\m-il al^ie. 



Eastport, Maine, W. G. F. ; Portland, Maine, C. B. Fuller ; Glouces- 

 ter, Mass., Mrs. Bran and Mrs. Davis; South Boston, Dr. Durkce; 

 XortUerii Europe. 



A beautiful ami easily tlistin^iiislud species. I«>iui(l »>iily in the tohler waters of the 

 Atlantic, a variety oceuiTinj:: as far south as South Barbara, on the coast of California. 

 It is apparently not uncommon in sprinjj^ from Boston northward, sometimes occurring 

 in company with C. Pi/laisai. It is rare, however, on the northern coast of Scotland. 

 It is easily distinj^uisheil fn>m its allies in this latitude l»y the siuiple, subulate, sec- 

 ondary branches with which the main branclu's are clothed throughout. 



C. Pylais^ei, ^Font. {]VranfjvUa Pyhtiswij A;^. Sp. — C. Pylais(viy 

 Xer. Am. Bor., Part II, PI. 30 h. — Ptcrothamnion Pylaisa^lj Xieg.) 



Fronds three to six inches lor^', main branches alternately decom- 

 pound, secondary branches short, rather stout, opposite, distichous, 

 once or twice pinnate with short subulate ramuli j tetraspores cruciate, 

 sessile on the ramuli ; favelhii binate on the upper branches. 



On wharves and algiv below low-water mark. 



Orient, L. I., Miss Booth; Wood's Roll, Mass.; and common from 

 Xahaut northward. 



A common species of the Atlantic coast from Boston northward, but much less 

 abundant southward. It is found early in the spring on wharves and washed ashore 

 with other alga', but in the summer it is only seen in a dwarfed and battered condi- 

 tion. It is sometimes found in company with C. Americanum, and it is by no means 

 beyond a doubt that the two species arc really distinct. In C. Pylaisai the fila- 

 ments are more robust, and the cells themselves shorter and broader than in C. 

 Americanum, the main branches are less decompound and spreading, and the apical 

 branches are more erect and compact. It is, however, in the secondary branches 

 that the diftercnce is best seen. In C. Pylaisai they are short and thick, and the ulti- 

 mate divisions are broadly subulate. In C. Americanum they are long, slender, and 

 flexuous. Those who have only seen the typical forms of the two species would 

 scarcely believe that they were not very distinct species. The collector, however, 

 especially on our northern coast, often finds transitions between the two. At the time 

 tbo Nereis was written the cystocarpic fruit was unknown, and the species seemed to 

 Agardh to belong rather to the genus Wrangdia. The fruit, which is not uncommon 

 :i the spring, is distinctly the same as in Callithamnion, and is a true favella. The 

 (Uthcridia ditVer from those of C. corymhosum and its allies. Instead of forming ses- 

 sile, hemispherical tufts on the internodes of the branches, as in the last-named spe- 

 cies, the antheridia of C. PyUmcei are in the form of rather loosely branching tufts 

 inserted at the nodes of the secondary branches, and occupy tho i^osition of the ulti- 

 mate branches, reminding one somewhat of tho antheridia of C. granifcnim, Menegh., 

 figured by Zanardini in Phycologia Adriatica, PI. 11, or tho figure of C. jwlysptr- 

 mum in Phycologia Britannica. As far as our observations go, the antheridia and 

 cystocarps of the present species arc on difterent individuals. The color, when dried, 

 is usually somewhat brownish, and decidedly less rose-colored than in C. Americanum. 



C. A3IERICANUM, llarv., Nereis Am. Bor., Part II, p. 23S, PI. oG a. 

 {Ptcrothamnion Aincricanuniy Nieg.) 



Fronds three to six inches lonjjT, capillary, main branches alternately 

 many times branched, ultimate divisions plimiose, secondary branches 



