THE MARINE ALG.E OF NEW ENGLAND. 137 



single at the nodes, nmnerous, usually unicellular, often ending in irreg- 

 ular disks; tetraspores in a circle at the nodes^ im mersed in tbj^jcpr- 

 tical ce lls ; favelhe ? 



Forming tutts on mud-covered rocks at h)\v tide. 



yow Haven, Prof. Eaton; near Xew York, Mr. Yoiuuj ; Newport, 

 It. I. ; common from Xabant to Eastport. 



This specios is not, as Ilurvoy and Agardh snpposcd, vory distinct, Init, on the con- 

 trary, can scarcely be distiu<j;nished from C. IhislotKjrhamjmi, excci>t in the tetraspores, 

 which are inunersetl, not projecting as in that species. Both species inhabit siniihir 

 locahties, both are deep purple in color, are procumbent at the l)ase, an«l have numer- 

 ous rhizoids; the branching and erect tips arc the same in both. Furthermore, as it 

 occurs with us, C. Iloopcri not unfrequently bears precisely such irre;jular botryoidal 

 masses as are found on C. Dcslongchampsii in Europe, and which are lijjured in the Phy- 

 cologia Britannica. Harvey, as well as X;e<;eli and Cramer, doubts whether these masses 

 are really favelhe, and, jud«;ing from American specimens, they are more probably 

 monstrosities. In one case we found the distortions on a specimen bearing tetraspores, 

 and Niegeli and Cramer Lave observed a similar case, a. presumption against the 

 favelloid nature of the swellings. Fully-matured tetraspores are to be desired, and 

 it may bo that they will bo found to bo prominent, as in C. Dcslougchampsii, in which 

 case the validity of the species would be more than doubtful. 



C. FASTIGIATUM, Ilarv., Phyc. Brit., PI. 25 j. 



Fronds lake-red, densely tufted, two to five inches high, filaments 

 capillary, dicbotomous tbrougbout, divisions erect, level-topped, apices 

 erect or slightly incurved; tetraspores secund on the. outer. sidniif the 

 branches, prominent ; lavella3 small, lateral, with a sliort involucre. 



On Zoster a. 



3Iassaclmsetts Bay ; Greenport; Newport; Long Brancb, JTarre?/. 



This species is at present a puzzle. In American herbaria one frequently finds speci- 

 mens labelled C. fimtUjiatiim, and some specimens bear Harvey's own handwriting. 

 Unfortunately, the species is persistently sterile, for wo Iiavo only twice found 

 tetraspores in what seemed to bo this species, and sterile specimens are hardly suf- 

 licient for determination in the genua Ceramium. What was apparently considered by 

 Harvey to be his C. fasiigiatum is common south of Cape Cod and forms beautiful tufts 

 on Zostera. The color is a lake-red, the filaments arc all capillary and regularly dicbot- 

 omous, the upper segments being level-topped, so that when spread on paper the 

 species has a regular outline. The apices are erect, not rolled inwards at the tip, and 

 short rhizoidal processes arc given off from some of the nodes. Harvey states that 

 the tetraspores are prominent and secund on the outer edge of the branches, while 

 Agardh says thoj- are whorled at the nodes. In one specimen we found them as de- 

 scribed by Hars'ey. It must be admitted that wlien sterile the species approaches 

 too near C. titiuinsimum, and it is nnich to bo desired that a large set of fruiting speci- 

 mens be examined to settle the disputed question of the tetraspores. C. fastigiatum is 

 a species apparently not well known to continental botanists, who seem to have at 

 times included it in otlier species without reference to British specimens. AVith us it 

 is common, although, considering that there may be a doubt about the determination, 

 we have only quoted the localities giv«n by Harvey. By Aganlh V. fantlgiatum is con- 

 sidered closely related to ('. IkJihngchomjysii, but judging by Harveyan si>ecimens, 

 lK>th from Ireland and Nonv England, we can hardly think th.it the two species arc 

 immediately related. 



