156 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AXD FISHERIES. 



C. PARVULA, ( Ag.) Harv. ( Chylocladia imrvula^ Pbyc. Brit., PI. 210.— 

 Cliamina imrvula^ Xer. Am. Bor., Part II, p. 7G.) PI. XV, Figs. 2, 5. 



Fronds brownish red, globosely tufted, two to four inches high, intri- 

 cately branching, branches opposite, alternate, or whorled, nodose, joints 

 once or twice as long as broad, apices obtuse j tetraspores tripartite, 

 scattered in the cortex ; conceptacles scattered, sessile, ovoid, with a dis- 

 tinct carpostome. 



On Zostera and alg* below low-water mark. 



Common from Cape Cod southward j Europe; Pacific Ocean. 



A homely species, wliich does not collapse wlieu removed from the "water. The con- 

 ceptacles are larger than in our species of Lomentaria, and better adapted for the study 

 of the arrangement of the spores. 



Suborder HYPNE^. 



Fronds filiform or subcompressed, branching ; tetraspores zonate ; cys- 

 tocarps external or partly immersed, filled with a spongy cellular mass, 

 in which the spores are borne in small, scattered tufts on a branching 

 filamentous placenta. 



A small suborder, in which the cystocarpic fruit is peculiar. Sections of the cvsto- 

 carps show a loose cellular structure which fills the interior, and scattered through 

 the mass are small tufts of spores which remind one of the cystocarx)S of the Gigartinece. 

 In the present instance, however, the spores are not arranged irregularly in globose 

 groups, but they are attached to filaments which branch among the general cellular 

 mass which fills the conceptaele. In the Notes Algologiques an account of the devel- 

 opment of the fruit in H. muscifonnis is given by Bornet. 



HYPXEA, Lam.x. 

 (From Hyimum, a genus of mosses.) 



Fronds filiform, virgately or divaricately branched, with subulate 

 branchlets, composed of an internal layer of large roundish-angular cells, 

 which become smaller outwards, and a cortex of small, colored, polygo- 

 nal cells 5 tetraspores zonate, borne in swollen branchlets ; cystocarps 

 external, subglobose, borne on the branchlets, containing a placenta com- 

 posed of filaments which form a network, to which are attached at inter- 

 vals tufts of spores. 



A genus of about twenty-five or thirty si^ecies, most of which aretroxncal and rather 

 ill-defined, since the sterile and fertile plants of the same species vary considerably 

 in aspect. Most of the species have the tips of the branches swollen and rolled in- 

 wards. The cystocarps are peculiar, and in sections one sees small tufts of pyriform 

 spores, scattered through a nearly solid tissue composed partly of a network of branch- 

 ing filaments which form a sort of placenta and partly of the cells of the frond itself. 



H. MUSCiFORMis, Lam.x. 



Fronds filiform, purplish red, tufted, virgately branched, six to twelve 



