APPENDIX. 



field, in the Flint hill range, an out-lying spur of the South mountain, are a succes- 

 sion of deep ravines, having generally a north-north-east direction. At the bottom 

 of these ravines deep, cold bogs are met with, which if not genuine peat-bogs, ap- 

 proach very nearly to them in every essential character. There some rare plants 

 appear not found elsewhere in the county. The Globe Flower, Cranberry, several 

 fine orchids, Cotton Grass, and some rare sedges indicate the richness of the Flora. 

 The extensive bogs south of Quakertown differ widely in character from those oi 

 Springfield. Several rare species occur here never seen in the peat-bogs, or else- 

 where in our district. In Milford, along the headwaters of Swamp creek, are found 

 low woods and swamps of a somewhat sandy nature, in which a number of forms 

 are met with never discovered elsewhere. Round-leaved Violets, small flowered 

 Lady's Slipper, Pendulous Pogonia, Hairy Wood Rush, and a rare Glyceria nmst 

 suffice as examples. The rocky belt extending through the county from east ta 

 west, attaining in Haycock the considerable elevation of Haycock mountain, is 

 known as the Trap rock region, but contrary to expectation this rough and rugged re- 

 gion has not proved very prolific in rare plants. A number of fine species are, how- 

 ever, restricted to this district. Prickly Ash, Round-leaved Gooseberry, Water 

 Milfoil, and Pale Corydalis are examples. Buckingham mountain, although afford- 

 ing many fine plants, presents nothing peculiar except the beautiful Sedum-ternatum. 

 Of the numerous streams of the county, two only, the Tohickon and Neshaminy^ 

 deserve mention in this summary. The Tohickon entering our northern border 

 from Lehigh county, presents no points of interest until it enters the Trap rock 

 region. In this portion of its course it becomes wild and picturesque, presenting 

 much truly romantic scenery. Here many rare plants are met with. The Purple 

 flowered Raspberry reddens its banks, and the White Water Lily floats in virgin 

 beauty upon its bosom. The small yellow Pond Lily, another rarity, growing 

 among it, affords a beautiful contrast of white and gold. I might enumerate many 

 more, but we must hasten down the stream. Emerging from this region, the stream 

 though less wild furnishes many a fine view of bold hill and rich meadow, until 

 we reach the lower part of its course. In the vicinity of Long's mill, the scenery is 

 magnificent, and continues so until the mouth of the stream is reached at Point 

 Pleasant. American Atragane, Barren Strawberry, Beaked Hazel, Squirrel Corn, 

 and Green Dragon may be mentioned among a host of things found only or chiefly 

 along this stream. The Neshaminy, the most considerable stream in the county, is 

 rather tame and uninteresting until after the union of its branches west of Doyles- 

 town. Just below Doylestown, the beautiful Lupine is found upon its banks. From. 

 this point southward until within seven or eight miles of its mouth, it has been 

 little explored, and will doubtless well reward the botanists who will tlroroughly 

 investigate its botanical characters. The lower portions have been well examined by the 

 Martindales, and many fine plants found, but not so distinct from neighboring re- 

 gions as to need special mention. Some water plants, not hitherto detected in the 

 county, will most probably be found in the middle and lower portions of this beau- 

 tiful stream. It now remains to examine the chief botanical feature of the county, 

 one that has contributed more than all others to round out the rich completeness 

 of our Flora, namely the Delaware river region. This extensive river border, reach- 

 ing from Durham to Bensalem, is one continous surprise to one who had previously 

 confined his herborizings to inland localities only. This exceptional richness is 

 easily accounted for. We have here not only the sand and the rich alluvion, each 

 with a vegetation of its own, but bold bluffs, rising in some places into towering- 

 and precipitous cliffs, presenting every variety of exposure, thus favoring a rich 

 and varied vegetation. Here are also deep, shaded ravines, where "many a flower 



