WILD FLOWERS OF MOW YORK I37 



There are several other Avens in New York, all except G. rivale 

 with reflexed calyx lobes. G. virginianum Linnaeus and G. c ana- 

 dense Jacquin have white flowers. G. vernum (Rafmesque) 

 Torrey & Gray; G. strictum Aiton (described above), and G. 

 meyerian u m Rydberg, have yellow flowers. G. macroph y Hum 

 Willdenow, a boreal species found only in the Adirondacks, in this State, 

 also has yellow flowers. For complete descriptions of these additional 

 species the student should refer to Gray's Manual or Britton and Brown's 

 Illustrated Flora. 



Purple-flowering Raspberry; Thimbleberry 



Rubus odoratus Linnaeus 



Plate 10 1 



Shrubby, erect and branched, perennial; new growth glandular-pubes- 

 cent and somewhat bristly but not prickly, 3 to 5 feet high. Leaves simple, 

 petioled, large, 5 to 10 inches broad, three to five-lobed, cordate at the base, 

 pubescent, especially on the veins beneath, the lobes long pointed, the 

 middle lobe usually longer than the others; flowers rather numerous in 

 corymbose, terminal clusters, purple, 1 to 2 inches broad; calyx lobes tipped 

 with long, slender appendages; petals five; fruit red when ripe, broad and 

 thin, scarcely edible. 



In rocky woods and thickets, Nova Scotia to Ontario and Michigan, 

 south to Georgia and Tennessee. Flowering from June to August. 



New York contains a large number of native raspberries and black- 

 berries. The principal species of Raspberries are R. strigosus Michaux 

 (red) ; R. neglect us Peck (purple) , and R. occidentalis Linnaeus 

 (Black Raspberry). The Blackberries are R. triflorus Richards (Dwarf 

 Red Blackberry), R. canadensis Linnaeus (Northern Blackberry), 

 R. allegheniensis Porter (Mountain Blackberry), R. argutus 

 Link (Tall Blackberry), and also the Dewberries. See Britton and Brown's 

 Illustrated Flora for complete descriptions. 



