WILD FLOWERS OF NEW YORK J 7 1 



of various crosses of Y i o 1 a tricolor with allied species of the 

 ( )ld World. In addition to these there arc about thirty-three native 

 species of violets in New York, beside the many natural hybrids. The 

 following key to the native species may be useful in determining certain 

 species not illustrated here. 



1 Stemless; the leaves and seapes directly from a rootstock or from runners 



Petals bright yellow; leaves orbicular 1 V. rotundifolia 



Petals violet, purple or white 



Cleistogamous flowers wanting; petals all beardless; leaves divided 



2 V. p e d a t a 

 Cleistogamous flowers present, at least later in the season 



Rootstock thick, often stout, without stolons; lateral petals bearded 



Cleistogamous flowers ovoid on short prostrate peduncles; their capsules 

 mostly purplish 

 Leaves except rarely the earliest, palmately five- to eleven-lobed 

 or parted; foliage villous-pubescent 



Leaf-lobes blunt, lateral ones broad 3 V. p a 1 m a t a 



Leaf-lobes acuminate, lateral ones linear. . . 4 V. perpensa 

 Early and late leaves uncut; others three- to seven-lobed or parted 



5 V. triloba 

 Leaves all uncut; blades ovate to reniform, cordate, crenate- 

 serrate 

 Plants nearly or quite glabrous; petals violet-purple; seeds 

 brown 



Petioles smooth; plants of moist soil 



6 V. papilionacea 



Petioles glandular roughened; plants of dry soil 



7 V. latiuscula 

 Leaves, very hairy, especially beneath and on the petioles; 



seeds dark brown 8 V. s o r o r i a 



Leaves hirsutulous above, otherwise smooth; seeds buff 



9 V. h i r s u t u 1 a 

 Cleistogamous flowers ovoid on ascending peduncles, soon elongated 



Leaves pubescent beneath and on the petioles; sepals and their 



auricles ciliolate; blades broadly ovate, cordate 



10 V. septentrionalis 



