180 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



swamps and cold woods, Newfoundland to Mackenzie river, south to Penn- 

 sylvania and Minnesota and along the Rocky mountains to Colorado. 



The Sweet White Violet (Viola blanda Willdenow) has the 

 petioles and scapes smooth and often tinged with red; smaller leaves, longer 

 flowering stalks with very fragrant white flowers; lateral petals beardless, 

 the upper pair of petals often long, narrow and strongly reflexed or some- 

 times twisted; seeds dark brown and minutely roughened. 



The Northern White Violet (Viola pallens (Banks) Brainerd) 

 has small, broadly ovate or orbicular, smooth, pale-green leaves; scapes 

 much longer than the leaves, bearing white, slightly fragrant flowers. 

 Common in mossy bogs and wet meadows. 



Primrose-leaved Violet 

 Viola prim nil 'folia Linnaeus 



Plate 140a 



Leaf blades oblong to ovate, obscurely crenate-serrate on the margins, 

 smooth or somewhat hairy, especially toward the base of the petioles; the 

 leaves and flower stalks arising from slender rootstocks or stolons. Flow- 

 ering scapes 2 to 10 inches high, usually 'longer than the leaves. Flowers 

 white, the three lower petals purple- veined, the lateral ones slightly or not 

 at all bearded; capsules green; seeds reddish brown. Numerous leaf}' 

 stolons are developed in late summer. 



A frequent violet of moist, open, especially sandy soil near the coast 

 from New Brunswick to Florida and Louisiana. Flowering in May 

 and June. 



Lance-leaved or Water Violet 



Viola lanceolata Linnaeus 



Plate 140b 



Foliage smooth and plants usually profusely stoloniferous in late 

 summer, the stolons rooting at the nodes and bearing numerous apetalous 

 flowers; the rootstocks slender. Flowering stalks 2 to 4 inches high or 

 higher; mature leaves lanceolate or elliptical in shape, the blade 2 to 6 

 inches long and one-eighth to three-fourths of an inch wide, tapering 

 gradually below into the margined reddish petiole; margins of the leaves 

 obscurely crenulate. Flowers white, the three lower petals striped with 

 purplish veins. Fruiting capsules green; seeds dark brown. 



