OLIVE FAMILY, Oleaceae 



Two characteristics distinguish the Olive Family, 

 pinately compound* thin leaves and single-winged 

 seeds. ^ 



108. White Ash, Fraxinus amcricana. Leaflets 3-5 

 in. long, Twigs and leaf stalks smooth. May be known 

 by the whitish-green under surfaces of its leaves and 

 small seeds about ^ of the whole fruit. (G.) 



109. Biltmore Ash, Fraxinus biltmorcana. Leaf-^^ 

 lets 3-6 in. long. Twigs and leaf stalk hairy. Known^P 

 by the whitish and hairy under parts of its leaves, and 



its seeds which are about */$ of the whole fruit and 

 over % in. thick. (S.,W.) 



110. Red Ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica. Leaflets 

 3-6 in. long. Twigs, buds and leaf stalk hairy. Called^^ 

 Red Ash because the inner side of bark of branches^^ 

 is reddish. In addition its leaves are green and hairy 

 beneath and seed parts nearly y 2 the whole fruit, and 

 less than J /& in. thick. (G.) 



111. Green Ash, Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata. 

 Leaflets 2-5 in. long. Twigs smooth. Distinguished 

 by the bright green and smooth under parts of its 

 leaves. (G.) 



112. Blue Ash, Fraxinus quadrangulata. Leaflets 

 3-5 in. long. Seed part surrounded by the wing of the 

 fruit. This is the only ash whose twigs are four-sided 

 and four- winged. (G.) 



113. Black Ash, Fraxinus nigra. Leaflets 3-6 in. 

 long. Seed part surrounded by wing of fruit. The 

 only ash whose side leaflets are without stalks. (N.) ^ 



DOGWOOD FAMILY, Cornaceae 9 



The dogwoods have thin leaves without teeth and 

 with veins curving from the middle toward the tip. 



114. Flowering Dogwood, Dogwood, Cornus flori- 

 da. Leaves 3-5 in. long. If the leaves are opposite on^ 

 the stem it is a Flowering Dogwood. (G.) A 



115. Alternate-leaved Dogwood, Cornus altemifol- 

 ia. Leaves 3-5 in. long. If the leaves are alternate on 

 the stem it is an Alternate-leaved Dogwood. (G.) 



116. Tupelo, Pepperidge, Black Gum. Nyssa syl- 

 vatica. Leaves 2-3 in. long, alternate. If the pith o\^k 

 the twigs has cross partitions it is Tupelo. Leaves^ 

 bright scarlet in October. (G.) 



*See Note on page 8. 



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