ROSACEA. (ROSE FAMILY.) 79 



tomentose beneath, nearly smooth above, pinnatifidly toothed or lobed, the 

 lobes often dentate : panicle much branched, tomentose. — Spiraea discolor, 

 Push. 



Var. dumosa, Maxim. Only 1 to 3 feet high : leaves usually small, cune- 

 ate into a short margined petiole, often white tomentose beneath : panicle 

 mostly smaller and less diffuse. — Spiraea dumosa, Nutt. S. discolor, var. 

 dumosa, Watson. Colorado and New Mexico and thence to the Sierra Nevada 

 and Oregon. 



7. RUB US, L. Raspberry. Blackberry. 



Petals 5, conspicuous. Styles nearly terminal. — Erect or trailing, often 

 prickly: leaves simple or pinnately 3 to 7-foliolate: flowers white or reddish, 

 in panicles or corymbs, or solitary : fruit usually edible, red, purple, or purplish- 

 black. — Ours are all true Raspberries, having fruit with a bloom separating 

 from the receptacle when ripe. The Blackberries, having fruit black, shining 

 and persistent on the receptacle, are not known to occur within our range. 

 * Leaves simple: prickles none (except in No. 3) : flowers large: fruit and recepta- 

 cle flat and broad. 



1. R. Nutkanus, Moeino. (Salmon-berry.) Stems 3 to 8 feet high ; 

 bark green and smooth or more or less glandular-pubescent, becoming brown and 

 shreddy : leaves palmately and nearly equally 5-lobed, cordate at base, unequally 

 serrate, 4 to 12 inches broad, glabrous or somewhat tomentose, the reins beneath 

 as well as the petioles and peduncles usually more or less hispid with gland-tipped 

 hairs : flowers white, an inch or two broad : calyx densely tomentose : carpels 

 very numerous, tomentose : fruit red, large, and pleasantly flavored. — From 

 Colorado northward, westward to the coast, and eastward to Upper Michigan. 



2. R. deliciosus, James. Shrub 3 to 4 feet high ; branches, young 

 leaves, and calyx tomentose-pube scent or puberulent, not glandular : leaves reniform- 

 orbicular, rugose, more or less 3 to 5-lobed, finely serrate-toothed: flowers 2 

 inches across : sepals with a dilated acumination : petals white : fruit purplish, 

 large, smooth, " flavor not agreeable to the human palate." — Canons of 

 Colorado. 



3. R. nivalis, Dougl. — Low, not more than 6 inches high, frutescent : leaves 

 cordate, 3-lobed, sharply toothed, glabrous, the petioles and veins of the leaves 

 armed with recurved prickles: peduncles short, 2-flowered : petals red(1) : fruit 

 red. — In the Bitter Root Mountains and northward. Probably a species of 

 the next section with the leaflets confluent. 



* * Leaflets 3 to 5 : petals small, erect, white. 

 •f- Stems annual, herbaceous, not prickly : fruit of few separate graiyis. 



4. R. triflorus, Richardson. Stems ascending or trailing : leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), rhombic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely 

 doubly serrate, thin, smooth: peduncle 1 to 3-flowered : fruit small, red. — 

 Colorado and northward into British America and eastward to the New Eng- 

 land and Middle States. 



+- i- Stems biennial and woody, prickly: receptacle oblong: fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. strigoSUS, Michx. (Wild Red Raspberry.) Stems upright, and 

 with the stalks, etc. beset with stiff straight bristles, glandular when young, 



