COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 177 



and obtuse papery tips : akenes smooth and glabrous or sometimes minutely 

 glandular. — Throughout the mountain region at all elevations aud north* 

 ward, thence eastward across the continent. 



Yar. congesta, DC, has heads sessile in a rosulate tuft of leaves termi- 

 nating depressed stems, like the sterile creeping ones. — Alpine on Sierra 

 Blanca, S. Colorado, and similar but taller forms from the mountains of 

 Wyoming, etc. 



6. A. plantaginifolia, Hook. Freely surculose by long and slender 

 sparsely leaf n stolons : flowering stems more scapiform, 6 to 18 inches high, bear- 

 ing small linear or lanceolate leaves and a cluster of several heads : radical 

 leaves from roundish ovate to obovate and spatulate, the larger an inch or two 

 long, soon glabrate and green above, silvery-canescent beneath with a com- 

 pletely pannose coating, 3 to 5-nerved : involucre very woolly at base ; inner 

 bracts of the male heads with oval or oblong obtuse ivory-white tips, of the 

 larger (4 to 6 lines long) female heads with white or whitish narrow and acute 

 tips: akenes minutely glandular. — From New Mexico to Washington and 

 eastward across the continent. 



■*- +- Heads loosely paniculate : involucre almost glabrous. 



7. A. racemosa, Hook. Stoloniferous as in the last, lightly woolly, 

 becoming glabrate : flowering stems 6 to 20 inches high, slender, sparsely 

 leafy, bearing few or numerous racemosely or paniculately disposed heads : 

 leaves thin ; the radical broadly oval, an inch or two long ; lower cauline ob- 

 long ; upper small and lanceolate : involucre scarious, brownish ; the male 

 2 or 3 lines long, of obtuse bracts, the inner white-tipped ; female 3 or 4 lines 

 long, of narrow and mostly acute bracts : akenes glabrous. — From the moun- 

 tains of Wyoming to the Cascades and the British border. 



19. A NAP HA LIS, DC Everlasting. 



1. A. margaritacea, Benth. & Hook. Commonly a foot or two high, in 

 tufts, very leafy, the white floccose wool rarely becoming tawny : leaves 2 to 

 5 inches long, from rather broadly to linear-lanceolate, soon glabrate and 

 green above, the broader ones indistinctly 3-nerved : heads numerous, corym- 

 bosely cymose: bracts of the involucre very numerous, almost wholly pearly 

 white, radiating in age. — Antennaria margaritacea, R. Br. Higher moun- 

 tains of Colorado and California and far northward ; across the continent in 

 its cooler portions. 



20. GNAPHALIUM, L. Cudweed. Everlasting. 



Floccose woolly herbs : with sessile and sometimes decurrent entire leaves, 

 and cymosely clustered or glomerate heads of whitish or yellowish flowers. 

 Ours belong to the section in which the bristles of the pappus are not united, 

 but fall separately. 



* Involucre woolly only at base, the scarious bracts from white to brownish straw- 

 color : more or less fragrant herbs, erect, a foot or two high : akenes smooth 

 and glabrous. 



1. G. Sprengelii, Hook. & Am. Stems usually stout, 6 to 30 inches 

 high : leaves lanceolate or linear, or the lowest spatulate, densely white-woolly, 



12 



