COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 185 



broadly lanceolate, denticulate or entire, 4 to 8 inches long, mostly narrowed 

 at base into a short margined petiole : heads an inch high : bracts of the invo- 

 lucre narrowly lanceolate, numerous : rays nearly 2 inches long : akenes 4 

 lines long, either prismatic-quadrangular or flattish, 12-nerved: pappus some- 

 times minute, chaffy coroniform and cleft into few or several teeth. — Northern 

 Rocky Mountains, in moist valleys, S. W. Montana to E. Oregon. 



* * Rays bright yellow. 

 •*- Glabrous and smooth throughout, usually balsamic-viscid : leaves lanceolate to 



oblong. 



2. W. amplexicaulis, Nutt. A foot or two high, robust: leaves mostly 

 lanceolate-oblong, entire or denticulate ; radical often a foot or more long ; 

 upper cauline partly clasping by a rounded or somewhat narrowed base : heads 

 solitary or several, short-peduncled : involucral bracts broadly lanceolate, one or 

 two outer ones occasionally foliaceous aud larger : rays 1| inches long: akenes 

 with a conspicuous crown cleft into acute teeth, and sometimes a small awn. 

 — From Colorado to Montana and British Columbia. Called " Pe-ik " by the 

 Indians. 



-t- -H- Hirsutely pubescent or scabrous : leaves elongated-lanceolate or linear. 



3. W. Arizonica, Gray. Hirsutely pubescent, a foot high, bearing a sin- 

 gle or few heads : leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering to both ends, or the upper 

 and sessile cauline broader : involucre of rather foliaceous and erect bracts : 

 rays 8 to 12 : pappus a very narrow crown, extended into 3 or 4 stout subulate 

 teeth, or into 1 or 2 short awns. — Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 655. S. Colorado to 

 S. Utah and Arizona. 



4. W. SCabra, Hook. Very scabrous, a foot or two high, rigid : cauline 

 leaves linear, thick, 4 to 6 inches long, ^ inch wide, sessile, attenuate-acute : 

 involucral bracts imbricated in 3 or 4 series, all the outer with an appressed 

 base, which is acuminate into a longer subulate flliform spreading very hispid- 

 scabrous appendage : rays several, \ inch long : akenes acutely angled, the 3 or 

 4 angles extended into a pappus of as many short blunt teeth, which are barely 

 confluent at base. — New Mexico and S. Colorado to Utah and Wyoming. 



38. GYMNOLOMIA, HBK. 



With erect branching stems, alternate or opposite leaves, and heads of yellow 

 flowers ; resembling small-flowered species of Helianthus. 



1. G. multiflora, Benth. & Hook. A foot to a yard high, pubescent or 

 scabrous, sometimes also hispid, often much branched : leaves from narrowly 

 linear to lanceolate, either alternate or mainly opposite, entire or obscurely 

 denticulate: rays 10 to 15, golden yellow: disk hemispherical, in age little 

 more elevated and receptacle obtusely conical ; its bracts linear, obtuse or the 

 inner acute : akenes smooth. — Heliomeris multiflora, Nutt. Very polymor- 

 phous. From Arizona to Wyoming and W. Texas. 



39. HELIANTHUS, L. Sunflower. 



Usually tall or coarse ; with a part or all the leaves opposite and simple ; 

 heads peduncled and terminating the stems or branches, with yellow rays, 

 and either yellow or purple disk-flowers. 



