COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 217 



2. H. Canadense, Michx. Taller, robust, with corymbosely or panicu- 

 lately cymose heads: leaves from lanceolate to ovate-oblong, acute, sparsely 

 and acutely dentate or even laciniate, at least the upper partly clasping and broad 

 or broadish at base: involucre usually pubescent when young, glabrate, occa- 

 sionally glandular ; the narrow outermost bracts loose : pappus sordid. — Across 

 the continent near the British boundary and northward. 



§ 2. Involucre a series of equal bracts and a few short ones : pappus of more or 

 less scantij equal bristles: akenes in some species slender or tapering to the 

 summit. 



* Hirsute with long and whitish or yellowish shaggy denticulate hairs commonly 



from a small papilla, commonly but not always on the involucre also: flowers 

 yellow. 



3. H. longipilum, Torr. Stout, leafy to near the middle of the stem, 

 and with linear-lanceolate or subulate bracts up to the narrow panicle : pubes- 

 cence mainly glandular-setose and most abundant, the bristles upright, com- 

 monly £ to 1 inch long, fulvous or rufous : leaves spatulate-oblong or upper 

 lanceolate, thickish, the radical commonly present in a tuft at flowering time : 

 involucre 20 to 30-flowered, and with short peduncles more or less tomentu- 

 lose as well as glandular, in a narrow almost virgate panicle: akenes fusiform : 

 pappus at maturity fuscous. — Woods and prairies, from Nebraska to Texas, 

 within the eastern limit of our range, and eastward to Michigan. 



4. H. Scouleri, Hook. Kobust, a foot or two high: hairs long and soft 

 setose, whitish or yellowish: leaves lanceolate or spatulate-lanceolate, 3 to 6 

 inches long : panicle irregular or branching : involucre somewhat furfuraceous 

 and glandular, also sparsely or copiously beset Avith long bristly hairs : akenes 

 columnar and short: pappus whitish. — From Montana to Oregon and south to 

 the Wasatch. 



* * Dark-hirsute and somewhat glandular (also whitish with short tomentum) on 



the involucre: leaves and lower part of scapiform stems not even pilose : flowers 

 yellow : pappus sordid. 



5. H gracile, Hook. Pale green, in tufts : leaves nearly all in radical 

 clusters, obovate- to oblong-spatulate and attenuate into petioles, entire or 

 repand-denticulate : stems or scapes slender, 8 to 18 inches high, cinereous 

 above, bearing few or several racemosely disposed livid heads, the lower 

 linear-bracteate : involucre usually blackish-hairy at base : akenes short co- 

 lumnar. — Includes H. triste, mostly, of the Western Reports. Mountains of 

 Colorado, Utah, and northward. 



Var. detonsum, Gray. A span to nearly a foot high, with rather smaller 

 heads : dark hirsute hairs wholly wanting, or only some smaller ones on the 

 involucre. — Synopt. Fl. i. 427. H. triste, var. detonsum, Gray. Mountains 

 of Colorado and California to those of British Columbia. 



* * * Not bristly (occasionally scattered bristles on the involucre and panicle), 



but at least the radical leaves and base of stem sparsely or thickly setose-hirsute 

 with long spreading hairs. 



•*- Flowers white : stems leafy : akenes linear-columnar, not at all narrowed 

 upward: pappus sordid : leaves entire or denticulate. 



6. H. albiflorum, Hook. A foot to a yard high, smaller plants with 



