30^ AMARANTACE^E. (AMARANTH FAMILY.) 



Order 64. AUIAKANTACE^. (Amaranth Family.) 



Herbs with entire leaves destitute of stipules, small flowers which are 

 usually subtended by acarious bracts and have a persistent perianth of 

 1 to 5 more or less scarious sepals (sometimes wanting in Acnida), 

 hypogynous stamens as many as the sepals and opposite them or fewer, 

 a 1 -celled ovary containing a siugle ovule, utricular in fruit. Flowers 

 perfect or unisexual, solitary or clustered, commonly 3-bracteate. 



* Anthers 2-celled : flowers unisexual : leaves alternate. 



1. Amarantus. Flowers monoecious or polygamous, all with a calyx of 3 or 5 (sometimes 



fewer) sepals. 



2. Acnida. Flowers dioecious. Calyx none in the fertile flowers. 



* * Anthers 1-celled : flowers perfect : leaves opposite. 



3. Cladothrix. Flowers minute, solitary or few in the axils. Filaments united at base 



into a cup. Densely stellate-tomentose, with petiolate leaves. 



4. Froelicliia. Flowers spicate. Filaments united into a tube. Hairy or woolly, with 



sessile leaves. 



1. AMARANTUS, Tourn. Amaranth. 



Sepals distinct or united at base. Stigmas 2 or 3, linear and sessile. Utricle 

 ovate, 2 to 3-beaked, circumscissile. — Annual weeds, with leaves thin and 

 stronglv veined, decurrent upon the slender petiole and apiculate with a short 

 setaceous mucro : flowers green or purplish, in axillary or spiked clusters or 

 spikelets. Staminate flowers usually mingled with the more numerous pistil- 

 late ones. 



* Sepals distinct, oblong -lanceolate, erect : flowers monoecious. 



-*- Flowers in naked terminal and axillary mostly panicled spikes: sepals 5: 



sterns usually stout and erect, with long-petioled leaves. 



1. A. retroflexilSj L. Boughish and more or less pubescent : dull green, 

 leaves large, ovate to rhombic-ovate : flowers green, in thick erect or scarcely 

 spreading crowded spikes : bracts lanceolate, attenuate to a rigid awn. — From 

 Mexico to British America. 



2. A. Wrightii, Watson. Glabrous, erect and slender, reddish : leaves 

 small and thin, on slender petioles, oblong to narrowly lanceolate : spike erect, 

 narrow, and rather leafy : brads solitary, subulate, awned as in the last. — Proc. 

 Am. Acad. xii. 275. Colorado, in the Upper Arkansas Valley, and New 

 Mexico. 



+. h_ Flowers in very small axillary spikes or clusters : sepals 3 : stems low or 

 prostrate, ivith smaller leaves. 



3. A. albus, L. Erect or ascending, diffusely branched from the base : 

 leaves oblong-spatulare to obovate, obtuse or retuse : bracts subulate, rigid, 

 pungently awned, the lateral ones very much smatler or wanting: sepals slightly 

 shorter than the rugose utricle: seed small, a third of a line broad. — Watson, 

 Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 274. Throughout the United States as an introduced 

 weed, but doubtless indigenous within our range. 



