60 FAMILIAR LESSONS IN BOTANY. 



capsule (Fig. 104), strobilium (Fig. 105). The drupe is a 

 juicy fruit, composed, as you have been told the peach was, 

 of three parts, an epicarp, sarcocarp, and an enclocarp. 



143. The cocoa-nut is also called a drupe, because it 

 possesses three divisions, though the middle one is not 

 succulent, but a dry mass of woody fiber. The walnut and 

 hickory-nut, though you know them under the name of 

 nuts, are, properly speaking, drupes. 



144. A nnt or glans has a hard pericai*p, one-celled, sur- 

 rounded by bracts. The acorn is a nut. You perceive it 

 has a hard shell-like skin or covering, that it has no divi- 

 sion, and the cup of the acorn is covered with scales or 

 bracts. The chestnut is a nut, and the bur is composed 

 of bracts. You will thus perceive the difference, and will 

 remember hereafter to distinguish between drupes and 

 mits. 



145. The epicarp, sarcocarp, and calyx form the edible 

 part of the fruit, while the endocarp forms the cells for the 



seed; altogether they are called a joome. The 

 apple, quince, and pear are pomes. The 

 thickened and juicy calyx is the most im- 

 portant part of the apple. It is quite curious 

 to observe this fruit maintaining the form 

 of this organ, even presenting us the claws 

 of the calyx at the top of the full-grown 

 fruit. When the seeds are imbedded in a 

 mass of juicy pulp, as in the whortleberry, 

 gooseberry, tomato, grape, etc., it is called a berry. When 

 single berries are clustered in a head, they are called com- 

 pound, as the blackberry (Fig. 106). 



146. The strawberry reverses the situation of seeds, and 

 is not a berry at all, but seeds on a juicy receptacle. You 



143. What is the cocoa-nnt ? Hickory-nat ? And why ? 



144. What is a nut? Example? What is the chestnut? Whatthebur? 



145. What is a pome ? Example? Aberry? 



146. What is a strawberry ? 



